Explanation:
According to the chemiosmotic hypothesis, ATP is produced by due to the proton gradient created across the mitochondrial membrane. The essential components required for chemiosmosis are proton pump, proton gradient and ATP synthase. ATP synthase is an enzyme which helps in ATP synthesis. The enzyme ATP synthase has two part
F0 andF1.F0 is the part which transports protons across the membrane as a transmembrane channel while configuration changes in F1
activates the enzyme. They phosphorylate ADP i.e., add one more phosphorus group to the ADP and converts ADP(adenosine diphosphate) to ATP (adenosine triphosphate). The proton gradient developed across the membrane is the driving force of ATP synthase.
Answer:
The 2 ways abiotic factors affect biotic factors are as follows:
- An alligator submerges itself under water to stay cool in the summer.
- A naked mole rat creates burrows underground.
Explanation:
Abiotic Factors:
All non-living factors that is present or influences an ecosystem. Abiotic factors determine the dynamics of an ecosystem such as the terrain, the atmosphere as well as the inhabitant flora and fauna. Water, sunlight, oxygen, temperature, and soil are all abiotic factors.
Biotic Factors:
All living factors in an ecosystem i.e. the plants and animals.
Lets analyze all the options:
- A bird picking food out of an alligator's teeth is an interaction between 2 biotic factors, the bird and the alligator or in another case, the bird and the food.
- Water being oxygenated is an interaction between 2 abiotic factors: water and oxygen.
Answer:
A) one human somatic cell
Explanation:
A human genome is a complete set of DNA in somatic cell and it contains 23 chromosome pairs (nuclear genome). Beside nuclear genome cell also have mitochondrial genome. Unlike somatic cells (diploid-two sets of chromosomes, one from mother and one from father), germ cells (egg cell and sperm cells) are haploid, have only one set of chromosomes.
Human genomes include genes that are protein-coding but also noncoding DNA.
You did not leave any choices, however, in biological organiztion, the kingdom is the least specific, yet largest level.
Answer:
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