Physician recommends radiation therapy because radiation therapy helps in preventing cellular growth. It uses high-energy radiation to shrink tumor or kill cancer cells. It may be used to cure or to control malignancy when the tumor can no longer be removed or when lymph node involvement is present; also, it can be used prophylactically to prevent spread. Radiation therapy kills cancer cells by damaging their DNA which is the molecules inside cells that carry genetic information and pass it from generation to generation. Radiation therapy can either damage DNA directly or create charged particles within the cells that can in turn damage the DNA. Cancer cells whose DNA is damaged beyond repair stop dividing or die and when these cells die, they are eliminated by the body through natural process.
The plasma membrane of the enveloped alga cell serves as the source of the apicoplast's second outermost membrane.
<h3>Where did all chloroplasts come from?</h3>
Chloroplasts were first established in eukaryotes through an endosymbiotic relationship with a cyanobacterium; they later spread through the evolution of eukaryotic hosts and the subsequent engulfment of eukaryotic algae by formerly nonphotosynthetic eukaryotes.
<h3>How did eukaryotic cells develop mitochondria and chloroplasts?</h3>
Chloroplasts and mitochondria most likely developed from engulfed bacteria that once existed as autonomous organisms. An aerobic bacterium was eventually swallowed by a eukaryotic cell, which later established an endosymbiotic bond with the host eukaryote and gradually transformed into a mitochondrion.
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The body would start to shut down, reactions would become weaker and slower, you would begin to get tireder and you's slowly be dying. If no fod is onsued within 2-3 weeks, then the brain will have no nutrients and will die
Answer:
a. Zero percent
b. Fifty percent
Explanation:
As it has been mentioned in the question that both man and woman are normally pigmented and each one have an albino parent thus both will be heterozygous and their allelic makeup will be as follows -
Man - Aa
Woman - Aa
After a cross between Aa × Aa we get the following result-
One AA, Two Aa and One aa
It is clear that only the aa type of offsprings will be albino.
Out of 4 there is probability of only one to be albino so out of two there will be 50% probability of being albino.
The probability of both sons to be albino will be zero percent.
