Answer: this is an example of <u>operant variability.</u>
Explanation:
Operant variability means that results of an operation may vary so responses are sometimes easy to predict, at other times responding seems highly variable, unpredictable, or even random. The inability to predict is generally attributed to ignorance of controlling variables.
The correct answer would be option C, Exchange Rate.
When planning a trip to Spain, Brett and his wife, both Americans, were concerned about how much they could afford to spend in Europe because sometimes the U.S. dollar will buy more goods and sometimes it will buy less, based on changing economic conditions. The Exchange rate is the rate at which the currency of one area or country can be exchanged for the currency of another’s.
Explanation:
When one currency of a country is exchanged with the currency of another country, the rate at which the currencies are exchanged is called as the exchange rate.
For example while planning a trip to Europe from America, the couple have US dollars which they need to exchange in Euros to be able to use the currency in Europe.
Roughly, a Euro is equivalent to 1.08 US Dollars, as of today. So this 1.08 dollars will be the exchange rate for US dollars to Euro.
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Answer:
the bystander effect.
Explanation:
According to the bystander effect one is less likely to help a person when there number of people in the vicinity is high.
The reasons why this happens is due to three factors, diffusion of responsibility, ambiguity and behaving according to social norms.
- Diffusion of responsibility
When there are a lot of people around one might think that someone else will take the responsibility of taking action. This may happen as one might think that someone else might be better suited to handle the situation
If the situation is not clearly understood by the bystander then they will be less likely to help.
One might think if they would help it would be going against the social norms and hence hesitate to do so.
Here, Mr. Hughes has decided not to help because of the diffusion of responsibility.
Hence, his reaction illustrates the bystander effect.
