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2 answers:
The confidence interval estimator of the population proportion is given by
where:
is the sample proportion, which is midway between the two intervals and M.E. is the margin of error which is the difference between each of the intervals and the sample proportion.
i.e.
Therefore, the margin of error is 4%.
where:
i.e.
Therefore, the margin of error is 4%.
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Answer:
Step-by-step explanation:
This is a conditional probability exercise.
Let's name the events :
I : ''A person is infected''
NI : ''A person is not infected''
PT : ''The test is positive''
NT : ''The test is negative''
The conditional probability equation is :
Given two events A and B :
P(A/B) = P(A ∩ B) / P(B)
P(A/B) is the probability of the event A given that the event B happened
P(A ∩ B) is the probability of the event (A ∩ B)
(A ∩ B) is the event where A and B happened at the same time
In the exercise :
We are looking for P(I/PT) :
P(I/PT)=P(I∩ PT)/ P(PT)
P(PT/I)=P(PT∩ I)/P(I)
0.904=P(PT∩ I)/0.025
P(PT∩ I)=0.904 x 0.025
P(PT∩ I) = 0.0226
P(PT/NI)=0.041
P(PT/NI)=P(PT∩ NI)/P(NI)
0.041=P(PT∩ NI)/0.975
P(PT∩ NI) = 0.041 x 0.975
P(PT∩ NI) = 0.039975
P(PT) = P(PT∩ I)+P(PT∩ NI)
P(PT)= 0.0226 + 0.039975
P(PT) = 0.062575
P(I/PT) = P(PT∩I)/P(PT)