The volume of a gas is the same as its ____

Nicotine is responsible for the addictive properties of tobacco. assume kb1 = 1.0×10-6 and kb2 = 1.3×10-11 . determine the ph of

Naddika [18.5K]

If we abbreviate the formula for nicotine as Nic, then the equations for two different equilibria of Nic in water are
Nic + H2O ---> NicH+ + OH-
NicH+ + H2O ---> NicH2 2+ + OH-

We can write the Kb1 expression for the first equation as
Kb1 = 1.0×10^-6 = [NicH+][OH-] / [Nic]
1.0×10^-6 = x^2 / 1.85×10^-3 - x
Approximating that x is negligible compared to 1.85×10^-3 simplifies the equation to
1.0×10^-6 = x^2 / 1.85×10^-3
x = 0.0000430
x = [OH-] = 4.30×10^-5 M

From the Kb2 expression
Kb2 = 1.3×10-11 = [NicH2 2+][OH-] / [NicH+]
1.1×10^-10 = x^2 / 4.30×10^-5 - x
Approximating that x is negligible compared to 4.30×10^-5 simplifies the equation to
1.1×10^-10 = x^2 / 4.30×10^-5
x = [OH-] = 6.88×10^-8

The concentration [OH-] can be computed as
[OH-] = 4.30×10^-5 M + 6.88×10^-8 M = 4.30×10^-5 M
This shows that the second equilibrium has a negligible effect on the pH.

We can now calculate for pH:
pOH = -log [OH-] = -log (4.30×10^-5 M) = 4.37
pH = 14 - pOH = 14 - 4.37 = 9.63

7 0

3 years ago

Why are elements with high electron affinities also the most electronegative?

melamori03 [73]

Explanation:

Electron affinity is the energy released in adding an electron to a neutral atom in the gas phase. This is a measure of the readiness of an atom to gain an electron. When an atom gains an electron readily, it has a high electron affinity.

The electronegativity is a property that combines the ability of its atom to lose and gain electrons.
It is expressed as a number that describes the relative tendency with which the atoms of the element attracts valence electrons in a chemical bond.

Therefore , we see that an atom with a high electronegativity will have a very high affinity to gain electrons. It will want to attract electrons by all means to itself.

Learn more:

Electronegativity brainly.com/question/11932624

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7 0

4 years ago

Two samples of sodium chloride with different masses were decomposed into their constituent elements. One sample produced 2.55 g

Charra [1.4K]

Answer:

4.71 g of sodium and 7.25 g of chlorine

Explanation:

Note: The question is incomplete. the complete question is given below:

Two samples of sodium chloride with different masses were decomposed into their constituent elements. One sample produced 2.55 g of sodium and 3.93 g of chlorine. Being consistent with the law of constant composition, also called the law of definite proportions or law of definite composition, which set of masses could be the result of the decomposition of the other sample?

4.71 g of sodium and 3.30 g of chlorine

4.71 g of sodium and 7.25 g of chlorine

4.71 g of sodium and 1.31 g of chlorine

4.71 g of sodium and 13.7 g of chlorine

The law of definite proportions states that all pure samples of a particular chemical compound contain the same elements combined in the same proportion by mass.

This means that irrespective of the source of any sample of a pure chemical compound, the constituents elements are always combined in the same mass ratio.

In the first sample, the mass ratio of Sodium to chlorine is given below:

mass of sodium = 2.55 g

mass of chlorine = 3.93 g

mass ratio; sodium to chlorine = 2.55 / 3.93 = 0.65

From the set of masses give above, we can determine the result of the decomposition of the second sample.

4.71 g of sodium and 3.30 g of chlorine

mass ratio; sodium to chlorine = 4.71 / 3.30 = 1.43

4.71 g of sodium and 7.25 g of chlorine

mass ratio; sodium to chlorine = 4.71 / 7.25 = 0.65

4.71 g of sodium and 1.31 g of chlorine

mass ratio; sodium to chlorine = 4.71 / 1.31 = 3.59

4.71 g of sodium and 13.7 g of chlorine

mass ratio; sodium to chlorine = 4.71 / 13.7 = 0.34

From the results above, the correct set of masses for the second sample is 4.71 g of sodium and 7.25 g of chlorine

3 0

3 years ago

Suppose an astronomer discovers a large, spherical-shaped body orbiting the Sun. The body is composed mostly of rock, and there

rjkz [21]

Answer:

The answer is "Comet".

Explanation:

The comets were interstellar frozen gas of snowballs, stone, and debris orbiting the sun, which are also the size of average towns while frozen. As even the orbit of the comet passes near the sun, it warms up and spreads dust and gas into a big floating head greater than most stars.

It is very important because they are primitive items left out from the galaxy creation.
They were one of the first solid materials throughout the solar nebula, its collapsing interstellar-like cloud of dust and gas, which established the heat and planets.

6 0

3 years ago

The vapor pressure of water at 25 •C is 23.8 mmHg. Write K for the vaporization of water in the unit of atm. What is Kc for the

r-ruslan [8.4K]

The degree of dissociation gives the amount of the substance that dissociated into the products. The value of Kc for water is 1.28 x 10⁻³.

<h3>What is equilibrium constant, Kc?</h3>

The equilibrium constant, Kc is the equilibrium concentration of the products over the reactants that are raised by the powers of their stoichiometry coefficient.

The reaction is shown as:

H₂O(l) ⇋ H₂O(g)

Kp = pressure of water = 0.03131579 atm

$\rm Kp = Kc(RT)^{\Delta n}$

Here Δ n = 1

Solving further,

Kp = Kc(RT)

0.03131579 = Kc(0.0821 × 298.15)

Kc =1.28 x 10⁻³

Therefore, Kc is 1.28 x 10⁻³.

Learn more about the equilibrium constant here:

brainly.com/question/14988161

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7 0

2 years ago

The volume of a gas is the same as its _____.