Question

The IUPAC rules permit the use of common names for a number of familiar phenols and aryl ethers. These common names are listed here along with their systematic names. Write the structure of each compound.
a. Vanillin(4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzaldehyde): a component of vanilla bean oil, which contributes to its characteristic flavor.
b. Thymol (2-isopropyl-5-methylphenol): obtained from oil of thyme.
c. Carvacrol (5-isopropyl-2-methylphenol): present in oil of thyme and marjoram.
d. Eugenol (4-allyl-2-methoxyphenol): obtained from oil of cloves.
e Gallic acid (3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoic acid): prepared by hydrolysis of tannins derived from plants.
f. Salicyl alcohol (o-hydroxybenzyl alcohol): obtained from bark of poplar and willow trees.

Answer 1

Explanation:

a. Vanillin(4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzaldehyde):

In its structure hydroxl group will be present on para position of the benzaldehyde ring and methoxy group on meta position.

b. Thymol (2-isopropyl-5-methylphenol):

In its structure isopropyl group will be present on ortho position of the phenol ring and methyl group on meta position.

c. Carvacrol (5-isopropyl-2-methylphenol):

In its structure isopropyl group will be present opposite to methyl group which is present ortho position in a phenol ring.

d. Eugenol (4-allyl-2-methoxyphenol):.

In its structure allyl group will be present on para position of the phenol ring and methoxy group on ortho position.

e. Gallic acid (3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoic acid):

In its structure hydroxyl group will be present on both meta positions and on para position of the benzoic acid ring.

f. Salicyl alcohol (o-hydroxybenzyl alcohol):

In its structure, $-CH_2OH$ group is linkedto benzene ring and in respect to that hydroxyl group is present at ortho position of the ring.