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Andru [333]
3 years ago
14

What is anaerobic and aerobic

Biology
2 answers:
Savatey [412]3 years ago
8 0
Aerobic means “with oxygen” and anaerobic means “without oxygen”
Sever21 [200]3 years ago
6 0
Aerobic is in the presence of oxygen, anaerobic is the absence of oxygen
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How are photosynthesis and cellular respiration related apex?
pentagon [3]
Photosynthesis and cellular respiration are related in that; photosynthesis is a process that is tasked in making glucose which is then used in cellular respiration to make ATP. The glucose is then converted to carbon dioxide during cellular respiration, which is used in photosynthesis. Water on the other hand is broken down to form oxygen during photosynthesis, in cellular respiration oxygen is  combined with hydrogen to form water.
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3 years ago
Cystic fibrosis (CF) is one of most common recessive disorders among Caucasians it affects 1 in 1,700 newborns. What is the expe
Phantasy [73]

Answer: The expected frequency of carriers is P(Aa)=0.046.

The proportion of childs with CF is P(aa)=0.024.

25% of having a child with CF (aa).

Explanation:

Hardy-Weinberg's principle states that in a large enough population, in which mating occurs randomly and which is not subject to mutation, selection or migration, gene and genotype frequencies remain constant from one generation to the next one, once a state of equilibrium has been reached which in autosomal loci is reached after one generation. So, a population is said to be in balance when the alleles in polymorphic systems maintain their frequency in the population over generations.

Given the gene allele frequencies in the gene pool of a population, it is possible to calculate the expected frequencies of the progeny's genotypes and phenotypes. <u>If P = percentage of the allele A (dominant) and q = percentage of the allele a (recessive)</u>, the checkerboard method can be used to produce all possible random combinations of these gametes.

Note that p + q = 1, that is, the percentages of gametes A and a must equal 100% to include all gametes in the gene pool.

The genotypic frequencies added together should also equal 1 or 100%, and all the equations can be summarized as follows:

p+q=1\\(p+q)^{2}  = p^{2} +2pq+q^{2} = 1\\P(AA)=p^{2} \\P(aa)=q^{2} \\P(Aa)=2pq1

So, there are 1700 individuals and only one is affected. Since it is a recessive disorder, the genotype of that individual must be aa. So the genotypic frequency of aa is 1/1700=0.000588.

Then, P(aa)=q^{2}=0.000588. And with that we can calculate the value of q,

P(a)=q=\sqrt{0.000588}=0.024

And since we know that p+q=1, we can find out the value of p.

p+0.024=1\\1-0.024=p\\p=0.976

Next, we find out the genotypic frequency of the genotype AA:

P(A)=p=0.976\\P(AA)=p^{2} = 0.976^{2}=0.95

Now, we can find out the genotypic frequency of the genotype Aa:

P(Aa)=2pq=2 x 0.976 x 0.024 = 0.046

Notice than:

p^{2} + 2pq + q^{2} = 1\\x^{2} 0.976^{2} + 2 x 0.976 x 0.024 + 0.024^{2} = 1

Then, the expected frequency of carriers is P(Aa)=0.046

The proportion of childs with CF is P(aa)=0.024

If two parents are carriers, then their genotypes are Aa.

Gametes produced by them can only have one allele of the gene. So they can either produce A gametes, or a gametes.

In the punnett square, we can see that there genotypic ratio is 2:1:1 and the phenotypic ratio is 3:1. So, there is a probability of 25% of having an unaffected child, with both normal alleles (AA); 50% of having a carrier child (Aa) and 25% (0.25) of having a child with CF (aa).

5 0
3 years ago
During which of the following phases of the cell cycle Is DNA Replicated
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Interphase in the cell cycle encompasses the G1, S, and G2 phases, as it shows the period of growth and DNA replication that a cell must go through to prepare for mitosis. Cell division, which occurs during the M phase, is the only portion of the cell cycle that is not included in interphase.

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Visibility can be affected by levels of air pollution and
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Answer:

The physical interaction of light with particles and gases in the atmosphere

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The answer would be: cell lysis due to the effect of osmotic pressure<span>
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