Answer:
- Gestalt - Experiences should not be broken down into their constituent parts.
The Gestalt school of Psychological thought posits that the whole is greater than the sum of its individual parts and so experiences should not be broken down to constituent level to understand them.
- Cognitive - Behavior is influenced by people’s intelligence, memory, and thought not just by the rewards and punishments they have received.
The Cognitive school believes behavior to be a product of a person's mental processes including intelligence, memory and thought.
- Structuralism - An experience can be analyzed by looking at the individual pieces that make it up.
Structuralism was a school of thought that believed that to understand an experience, one would need to analyze it at component level, looking at the individual pieces that made it up.
- Social - People’s behaviors are shaped by their situation and their interactions with others.
The Social school believes that the behaviors of people is as a result of the presence of other people in their even if this presence is imagined or implied. People's social situations are also taken into account.
- Psychoanalytic - Behavior is influenced by conflicts in the unconscious mind.
Tracing it origins to the theories of Sigmund Freud, the Psychoanalytic school believes that the conflicts in our unconscious minds influence our behavior and to understand our behavior we'd need to reach our suppressed emotions.
- Functionalism - It is important to understand how the mind has adapted to perform certain tasks that allow us to survive
The Functionalism school focuses on how we behave in a certain way due to the mind having adapted over the years as a result of human development and evolution. It is derived from Darwinian thinking.
