Answer:
a. New Orleans, because pressure increases as you get deeper in the atmosphere and closer to the center of Earth
Explanation:
- Low altitudes: There is more atmospheric pressure in comparison with higher altitudes. When closer to the Earth core, the more pressure and temperature there is.
- High Altitudes: As high increases, atmospheric pressure, and temperature, decreases, leading to a lower oxygen partial pressure in the environment.
At sea level, the atmosphere pressures the earth's surface with approximately 1-kilogram per square centimeter strength. This means that at sea level, there is one ton of air making pressure over us. But this air pressure decreases with altitude.
At high level there is less air making pressure from above, and there is less gravity acting. Molecules are more separate from each other, and the density decreases.
External and internal cues trigger different genes to turn on and off in different cells
Hey You!
I believe the answer would be:
Excess Vitamin A is most harmful to an embryo during the first and second months of pregnancy.
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<span>he Streptococcus pneumoniae capsule is vital for virulence and may inhibit complement activity and phagocytosis. However, there are only limited data on the mechanisms by which the capsule affects complement and the consequences for S. pneumoniae interactions with phagocytes. Using unencapsulated serotype 2 and 4 S. pneumoniae mutants, we have confirmed that the capsule has several effects on complement activity. The capsule impaired bacterial opsonization with C3b/iC3b by both the alternative and classical complement pathways and also inhibited conversion of C3b bound to the bacterial surface to iC3b. There was increased binding of the classical pathway mediators immunoglobulin G (IgG) and C-reactive protein (CRP) to unencapsulated S. pneumoniae, indicating that the capsule could inhibit classical pathway complement activity by masking antibody recognition of subcapsular antigens, as well as by inhibiting CRP binding. Cleavage of serum IgG by the enzyme IdeS reduced C3b/iC3b deposition on all of the strains, but there were still marked increases in C3b/iC3b deposition on unencapsulated TIGR4 and D39 strains compared to encapsulated strains, suggesting that the capsule inhibits both IgG-mediated and IgG-independent complement activity against S. pneumoniae. Unencapsulated strains were more susceptible to neutrophil phagocytosis after incubation in normal serum, normal serum treated with IdeS, complement-deficient serum, and complement-deficient serum treated with IdeS or in buffer alone, suggesting that the capsule inhibits phagocytosis mediated by FcÎł receptors, complement receptors, and nonopsonic receptors. Overall, these data show that the S. pneumoniae capsule affects multiple aspects of complement- and neutrophil-mediated immunity, resulting in a profound inhibition of opsonophagocytosis.</span>
