A bacterium has a faulty lac operon in which there is a structural defect in the operator. In this bacterium there is a structural problem with a segment of DNA that binds a repressor.
- A protein known as a repressor binds to an operator site. The operator in this instance (and numerous others) is a section of DNA that lies just downstream of the RNA polymerase binding site or overlaps with it (promoter). In other words, it lies between the operon's promoter and its genes.
- The repressor protein inhibits the synthesis of messenger RNA by attaching to the promoter region of the gene(s) (mRNA). The control of gene expression in cells requires repressor proteins.
- Thus, by physically impeding the RNA polymerase's ability to operate, these repressor proteins stop the gene from being transcribed.
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