The phrase will function as an adjective.
Personification is when you give human like traits to non living items. (if you still cant figure it out, let me know and Ill help you out)
The answer in which Paine used the phrases "precariousness of human affairs," "while we have it in our power," and "time and chance" is B.
to evoke in colonists the need for urgency in their quest for independence. This is to represent their want for freedom against the colonizers in that time.