Invasion and multiplication of pathogenic microorganisms<span> in the body is called an infection. When we are infected by </span>pathogens<span> we become sick, which means that our bodies stop functioning properly. Infectious agents, such as </span>bacteria<span>, a virus, fungi or protozoa cause communicable diseases.</span>
Answer:
A
Explanation:
the reaction was altered by the enzyme
Answer:
Addition of poly A tail and and addition of 5' cap
Explanation:
In eukaryotes, many post-transcriptional modification takes place like 5' capping, polyadenylation, and splicing. In 5' capping 7-methyl guanosine is added toward the 5' end of mRNA by the action of a enzyme called guanyl transferase. This cap protects mRNA from degradation.
In polyadenylation up to 250 adenosine nucleotides are added at the 3' end of the mRNA and it is called poly-A tail. Poly A polymerase is the enzyme that is responsible for polyadenylation.
Therefore two main post transcription modifications are 5' capping and polyadenylation.
Answer:
C. The inhibitor binds to the enzyme's active site, because its shape is similar to that of the substrate.
Explanation:
An enzyme can be defined as a biological catalyst that typically lowers the activation energy of a biological reaction. When the activation energy of a reaction is low, the rate of the reaction would be faster. Therefore, an enzyme speeds or catalyzes the rate of a reaction by lowering its activation energy. Also, if the conditions are not optimal for an enzyme, it limits the ability of an enzyme to bind or be joined with its substrates.
Generally, enzymes function best at a specific pH and temperature level. An increase in temperature increases or speeds up the rate of a reaction while low temperature limits or reduces the rate of a reaction. The optimal temperature for enzymes in the human body is around 37 degrees celsius.
An allosteric effector can be defined as an agent, organ or molecule that is being binded to an enzyme at a site, thereby causing a reduction (negative effect) or an increase (positive effect) in an enzyme activity.
An inhibitor is any substance that slows down or stops a biological process or chemical reaction.
Hence, the statement which best describes the function of a competitive inhibitor in an enzyme-catalyzed reaction is that the inhibitor binds to the enzyme's active site, because its shape is similar to that of the substrate and consequently, slowing down or stopping the process.
