Answer:
I just finished a unit on Scientific Method in my science class! Anyway, it's defined in the screenshots below. Hope this helps!
This problem is providing us with the mass of hydrochloric acid and the volume of solution and asks for the pH of the resulting solution, which turns out to be 1.477.
<h3>pH calculations</h3>
In chemistry, one can calculate the pH of a solution by firstly obtaining its molarity as the division of the moles of solute by the liters of solution, so in this case for HCl we have:

Next, due to the fact that hydrochloric acid is a strong acid, we realize its concentration is nearly the same to the released hydrogen ions to the solution upon ionization. Thereby, the resulting pH is:

Which conserves as much decimals as significant figures in the molarity.
Learn more about pH calculations: brainly.com/question/1195974
Answer:
liquid and gas........................
Answer:
Butanoic acid present in solution
Explanation:
In this case, we have a buffer solution of butanoic acid and sodium butanoate. In other words a reaction like this:
HC₄H₇O₂ + H₂O <------> C₄H₇O₂⁻ + H₃O⁺ Ka = 1.5x10⁻⁵
The low value of Ka means that this is a weak acid. So, after this, the NaOH is added to the solution.
The NaOH is a really strong base, so we might expect that the pH of the solution increase drastically, however this do not occur.
The reason for this is because the first thing to happen in this reaction is an acid base reaction.
The NaOH react with the butanoic acid still present in solution, because is a weak acid, so in solution, this acid is not completely dissociated into it's respective ions. So the butanoic acid reacts with the NaOH and the products:
HC₄H₇O₂ + NaOH <------> Na⁺C₄H₇O₂⁻ + H₂O
So, because of this, the pH increase but not much.