Microscopes have been used for centuries in order to see specimen scientists cannot see with their unaided eye. Antón VanLeeonhoeuk is given credit for designing the first lenses for microscopes in the 16th century. He looked at “animacules” which we would now call bacteria and protists. Robert Hooke first coined the term cell, as he looked at cork and thought it looked like cells that monks slept in. Improvements were made in the following centuries, and Ernest Leintz in the 1800s creates a way to have differing magnification lenses on one microscope. Continuing into the 1900s and 2000s there are now electron scanning microscopes, ultraviolet microscopes, atomic force microscopes, and electron tunneling microscopes—all which allow scientists to have better resolution and to see smaller and smaller things. Microscope technology will continue to improve as scientists discover more ways to magnify the microscopic world.
Answer:
The process whereby organisms better adapted to their environment tend to survive and produce more offspring. The theory of its action was first fully expounded by Charles Darwin, and it is now regarded as be the main process that brings about evolution.
Four conditions are needed for natural selection to occur: reproduction, heredity, variation in fitness or organisms, variation in individual characters among members of the population. If they are met, natural selection automatically results.
Radioactivity was discovered in 1896
Water serves as an electron source in the electron transport process of photosynthesis. The electron is extracted from water by using solar energy.
What is the electron transport chain's source of energy?
The electron transport chain uses the energy released by oxygen and reduced compound reactions such as cytochrome c and (indirectly) NADH and FADH2 to pump protons into the intermembranous space, producing the electrochemical gradient over the inner mitochondrial membrane.
In photosynthesis, water is split to produce electrons in the presence of sunlight, a process known as the photolysis of water. The electrons are finally transferred to NADP+ by the chloroplast electron transport chain, where they are reduced to NADPH.
Therefore, In aerobic respiration, electrons from NADH and FADH2 are transferred to oxygen by the mitochondrial electron transport chain to reduce oxygen in the water.
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