<span>tRNA carries a single amino acid to the ribosome.
It fits the codon on the mRNA in the ribosome with it's anti-codon.
The ribosome has peptidyl-transferase activity which catalyses the peptide bond between 2 amino acids on 2 tRNAs in the ribosome.
One tRNA is released and then picks up another amino acid depending on its anti-codon.
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The conduction of nerve impulses relies upon the movement of positively-charged ions across the nerve cell membrane. The entry of sodium into the cell produces a wave of positive charge that travels down the length of an axon. Then chemicals called neurotransmitters are secreted out of the end of the axon onto the next nerve in the series (the postsynpatic nerve). This narrow space in between neurons is called the synapse. These neurotransmiiters released by the presynaptic nerve bind to receptors on the postsynaptic nerve. The binding of these receptors opens up channels in this second nerve's membrane that allow sodium ions to enter the nerve cell and initiate another wave of positive charge, and so on... The nerve signal can only move as fast as these ions and neurotransmitters can diffuse to generate this process.
<span>As a professional athlete repeats a given activity many times over, the nerve cells "upregulate" their receptors, meaning that they produce additional receptors to put in the membrane. This is just a natural reaction to the nerve being repeatedly stimulated in the same way over and over. When neurotransmitter is secreted from the presynaptic neuron, there are more receptors on the postsynaptic neuron for it to bind, more channels open up, more ions enter in a shorter time and build up positive charge to create the impulse faster, and so the overall effect is faster. </span>
<span>Additionally, there are sheaths of fatty tissue (called myelin) that insulate the charge in the neuron and allow it to be conducted faster. As people age, these sheaths can start to degrade, making the nerve cell more "leaky" and causing the impulse to be conducted more slowly. </span>
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The energy stored in ATP at one location is released from ATP when the terminal phosphate bond is broken. In this process a phosphate group is detached to yield inorganic phosphate and ADP and results in the liberation of 7.3 kcal/mol (under standard conditions).
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scientist has brought together all the research on the subject and found that, from bees to birds to wolves, many animals have an ability to process and represent numbers arguably a form of counting.
Explanation: What's more, the new study suggests that this mathematical prowess helps animals stay alive in a brutal world. Such a finding extends our knowledge of animal cognition, a field that has grown exponentially in recent years.
There must be a balance between the flow of energy into the atmosphere and the flow of energy out of the atmosphere and back to space.<span>After being warmed by incoming solar radiation throughout the day, the Earth emits infrared radiation, which is trapped near the Earth’s surface by carbon dioxide.This radiation is called thermal radiation.</span>
