Microscope technology gives us access to some pretty important/powerful information, however some limitations to it include: resolution limit, low magnification, & poor surface view,
Answer:
Option-D, a segment of DNA
Explanation:
A gene represents the particular segment of DNA which contains the instruction for the trait of an organism. The nucleotide sequence present in the segment provides the instruction in the form of codons.
The gene is present in the form of its alternative form called alleles which are located on the chromosomes at locus. The alleles represent the variants of the gene and therefore controls the two variety of a single trait.
Thus, Option-D is correct.
Explanation:
A single nucleotide-pair substitution missense mutation causes a change of a single amino acid into another. Aa a result, the produced protein will have an almost normal sequence except for one amino acid.
On the other hand, a frameshift mutation changes the Open Reading Frame (ORF) of the ribosome. The ribosome moves along the mRNA every three nucleotides (codons) and translates them into amino acids that will form the nascent protein. If there is a frameshift mutation (an insertion or deletion of a number of nucleotides not multiple of three) the ribosome will "read" the mRNA differently and will identify different codons than the wild-type sequence, so a large number of amino acids will be different in the mutated protein.
