Answer:
Defense against a particular antigen is provided by adaptive immunity which is also called specific immunity. In adaptive immunity immunological memory is created which is used by immune cells to destroy that particular pathogen when it again comes in the body.
Adaptive immunity involves T cells and B cells. T cells generate cell mediated immune response and B cells generate a humoral immune response. These responses by T and B cells are specific to a particular pathogen which results in the killing of the pathogen by their phagocytosis enhanced by antibodies or by direct killing of pathogen.
Therefore adaptive immunity provides defense to the body against a particular pathogen by generating immunological memory.
The greenhouse effect is necessary to explain
why weather occurs. The climate of the Earth is greatly affected by two
opposing processes: the greenhouse effect and atmospheric convection. The
greenhouse effect is acting to warm the lower atmosphere and cool the
upper atmosphere while the atmospheric convention (composed of thermals,
clouds, precipitation) is cooling the lower atmosphere and warms the upper
atmosphere). <span>The greenhouse effect warms the Earth’s surface, but very few people are
aware that weather processes greatly limit that warming.<span> In the absence of greenhouse effect, the Earth will
be left without weather.</span></span>
I would say B, <span>differ greatly between single solar systems. As we all know, I believe this is the only planet with life, but there might be many out there, too. Each planet should have very different characteristics unlike ours. So it may vary.</span>
