Convergent evolution suggests different organisms evolved similarly due to similar environments.
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Answer:
Biotic factors such as the presence of autotrophs or self-nourishing organisms such as plants, and the diversity of consumers also affect an entire ecosystem. Abiotic factors affect the ability of organisms to survive and reproduce. Abiotic limiting factors restrict the growth of populations.
Explanation:
The peas haven't start germinating, which means no leaves. They can't undergo photosynthesis to produce oxygen. At this stage they are still undergoing respiration, which produce carbon dioxide.
The right answer is polarity.
In chemistry, polarity is a characteristic describing the distribution of negative and positive charges in a dipole. The polarity of a bond or a molecule is due to the difference in electronegativity between the chemical elements that compose it, the differences in charge that it induces, and to their distribution in space. The more the charges are distributed asymmetrically, the more a bond or molecule will be polar, and conversely, if the charges are distributed in a completely symmetrical manner, it will be apolar, that is to say non-polar.
Polarity and its consequences (van der Waals forces, hydrogen bonding) affect a number of physical characteristics (surface tension, melting point, boiling point, solubility) or chemical (reactivity).
Many very common molecules are polar, such as sucrose, a common form of sugar. The sugars, in general, have many oxygen-hydrogen bonds (hydroxyl group -OH) and are generally very polar. Water is another example of a polar molecule, which allows polar molecules to be generally soluble in water. Two polar substances are very soluble between them as well as between two apolar molecules thanks to Van der Waals interactions.
