Answer:
Horses and donkeys are two different species but belong to the same family Equidae and the genus Equus. They both have different numbers of chromosomes.
Although they look quite similar in appearance, there are many dissimilarities.
The physical differences between horses and donkeys include:
Donkeys backs are flatter than horses.
Donkeys have smaller hoofs than horses.
Donkeys have longer and thicker ears than horses.
Horses tend to have a long face than Donkeys.
Horses have six vertebrates, while donkeys have only five.
Tails of horses and donkey differ. Horses have long tails, whereas donkey’s tail looks like a cow’s tail.
On the genetic level, the total number of chromosomes in the horse is 64 and donkey have 62 number of chromosomes. Mule is a hybrid of a female horse and a male donkey. Hinny is a hybrid of a female donkey and a male horse. Both the offspring (hybrid offspring) produced by donkeys and horses are infertile, sterile, cannot have its own offspring and both have 31 pairs of chromosomes each.
If the produced offspring is fertile then the animals are of the same species and if the produced offspring is sterile then they are of different species. Because of this, both horses and donkeys are considered as a separate species. A species is generally defined as a group of organisms, which are capable of interbreeding and creating viable offspring. In this case, mule and the hinny are not really a new species and are produced by two different species.
Answer:
The correct answer is: c) usually produces offspring that cannot reproduce.
Explanation:
Hybridization, also knowns as selective breeding, is an <u>artificial process</u><u> that involves selecting parents with specific characteristics in order to obtain an offspring with the same traits</u>.
Hybridization is very common and has been performed by humans for thousands of years: from selective breeding crop plants, to do so with dogs in order to create more desirable breeds.
Option A is incorrect because hybridation does not occur in nature, it is an artificial process.
Option B is incorrect because hybridation often happens when the selected parents are chosen to reproduce (by a human).
Option D is correct because an important amount of hybrids are sterile (for example: mules).
Option D is incorrect as well because the offspring is not identical: it shares a combination of genes from both parents.
Answer:
You need to use the scientific method and <u>knowledge of the environment and earth systems</u> in order to work as an environmental scientist.
Explanation:
An environmental scientist works based on the fact that it has the knowledge of the environment and he is aware of the interaction between the environment and other components associated with it.
An environmental scientist study about the effect of environment on plants and animals as well as earth systems to protect, understand and develop research methods.
Answer:
The answer to these questions are the following:
1. sucrose solution (higher concentration of water molecules in the onion cells) >> red onion cells will shrink >> smaller diameter
2. distilled water (higher concentration of water molecules in the surrounding solution) >> red onion cells will become turgid >> higher diameter
Osmosis refers to the movement of a solvent (usually water molecules) across semipermeable biological membranes, which occurs from a region of higher concentration to a region of lower concentration. There are three classes of solutions that have different effects on cells due to the process of osmosis:
1. In a hypotonic solution, the cells will become turgid
2. In an isotonic solution, the cells will become flaccid.
3. In a hypertonic solution, the cells will shrink (plasmolysis)
When plant cells are placed into a hypertonic solution where there is a greater concentration of solute outside the cells (as in this case sucrose solution), water molecules will move from inside the cells to outside the cells, thereby cells will shrink due to water loss
When plant cells are placed into a hypotonic solution that is diluted in comparison to the content of the cell (as in this case plant cells placed in distilled water) water molecules will move from outside the cells to inside the cells, thereby cells will become turgid.
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