Answer:
Explanation:
From the information given:
The cell potential on mars E = + 100 mV
By using Goldman's equation:
![E_m = \dfrac{RT}{zF}In \Big (\dfrac{P_K[K^+]_{out}+P_{Na}[Na^+]_{out}+P_{Cl}[Cl^-]_{out} }{P_K[K^+]_{in}+P_{Na}[Na^+]_{in}+ P_{Cl}[Cl^-]_{in}} \Big )](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=E_m%20%3D%20%5Cdfrac%7BRT%7D%7BzF%7DIn%20%5CBig%20%28%5Cdfrac%7BP_K%5BK%5E%2B%5D_%7Bout%7D%2BP_%7BNa%7D%5BNa%5E%2B%5D_%7Bout%7D%2BP_%7BCl%7D%5BCl%5E-%5D_%7Bout%7D%20%7D%7BP_K%5BK%5E%2B%5D_%7Bin%7D%2BP_%7BNa%7D%5BNa%5E%2B%5D_%7Bin%7D%2B%20P_%7BCl%7D%5BCl%5E-%5D_%7Bin%7D%7D%20%20%20%20%20%20%5CBig%20%29)
Let's take a look at the impermeable cell with respect to two species;
and the two species be Na⁺ and Cl⁻
![E_m = \dfrac{RT}{zF} In \dfrac{[K^+]_{out}}{[K^+]_{in}}](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=E_m%20%3D%20%5Cdfrac%7BRT%7D%7BzF%7D%20In%20%5Cdfrac%7B%5BK%5E%2B%5D_%7Bout%7D%7D%7B%5BK%5E%2B%5D_%7Bin%7D%7D)
where;
z = ionic charge on the species = + 1
F = faraday constant
∴
![100 \times 10^{-3} = \Big (\dfrac{8.314 \times 298}{1\times 96485} \Big) \mathtt{In} \Big ( \dfrac{4}{[K^+]_{in}} \Big)](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=100%20%5Ctimes%2010%5E%7B-3%7D%20%3D%20%5CBig%20%28%5Cdfrac%7B8.314%20%5Ctimes%20298%7D%7B1%5Ctimes%2096485%7D%20%5CBig%29%20%5Cmathtt%7BIn%7D%20%20%5CBig%20%28%20%5Cdfrac%7B4%7D%7B%5BK%5E%2B%5D_%7Bin%7D%7D%20%20%20%5CBig%29)
![100 \times 10^{-3} = 0.0257 \Big ( \dfrac{4}{[K^+]_{in}} \Big)](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=100%20%5Ctimes%2010%5E%7B-3%7D%20%3D%200.0257%20%5CBig%20%28%20%5Cdfrac%7B4%7D%7B%5BK%5E%2B%5D_%7Bin%7D%7D%20%20%20%5CBig%29)
![3.981= \mathtt{In} \Big ( \dfrac{4}{[K^+]_{in}} \Big)](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=3.981%3D%20%5Cmathtt%7BIn%7D%20%5CBig%20%28%20%5Cdfrac%7B4%7D%7B%5BK%5E%2B%5D_%7Bin%7D%7D%20%20%20%5CBig%29)
![exp ( 3.981) = \dfrac{4}{[K^+]_{in}} \\ \\ 53.57 = \dfrac{4}{[K^+]_{in}}](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=exp%20%28%203.981%29%20%3D%20%5Cdfrac%7B4%7D%7B%5BK%5E%2B%5D_%7Bin%7D%7D%20%5C%5C%20%5C%5C%20%2053.57%20%3D%20%5Cdfrac%7B4%7D%7B%5BK%5E%2B%5D_%7Bin%7D%7D)
![[K^+]_{in} = \dfrac{4}{53.57}](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=%5BK%5E%2B%5D_%7Bin%7D%20%3D%20%5Cdfrac%7B4%7D%7B53.57%7D)
![[K^+]_{in} = 0.0476](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=%5BK%5E%2B%5D_%7Bin%7D%20%20%3D%200.0476)
For [Cl⁻]:
![100 \times 10^{-3} = -0.0257 \ \mathtt{In} \Big ( \dfrac{120}{[Cl^-]_{in}} \Big)](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=100%20%5Ctimes%2010%5E%7B-3%7D%20%3D%20-0.0257%20%5C%20%20%5Cmathtt%7BIn%7D%20%5CBig%20%28%20%5Cdfrac%7B120%7D%7B%5BCl%5E-%5D_%7Bin%7D%7D%20%20%20%5CBig%29)
![-3.981 = \ \mathtt{In} \Big ( \dfrac{120}{[Cl^-]_{in}} \Big)](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=-3.981%20%3D%20%20%5C%20%20%5Cmathtt%7BIn%7D%20%5CBig%20%28%20%5Cdfrac%7B120%7D%7B%5BCl%5E-%5D_%7Bin%7D%7D%20%20%20%5CBig%29)
![0.01867 = \dfrac{120}{[Cl^-]_{in}}](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=0.01867%20%3D%20%20%5Cdfrac%7B120%7D%7B%5BCl%5E-%5D_%7Bin%7D%7D)
![[Cl^-]_{in} = \dfrac{120}{0.01867}](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=%5BCl%5E-%5D_%7Bin%7D%20%3D%20%5Cdfrac%7B120%7D%7B0.01867%7D)
![[Cl^-]_{in} =6427.4](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=%5BCl%5E-%5D_%7Bin%7D%20%3D6427.4)
For [Na⁺]:
![100 \times 10^{-3} = 0.0257 \Big ( \dfrac{145}{[Na^+]_{in}} \Big)](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=100%20%5Ctimes%2010%5E%7B-3%7D%20%3D%200.0257%20%5CBig%20%28%20%5Cdfrac%7B145%7D%7B%5BNa%5E%2B%5D_%7Bin%7D%7D%20%20%20%5CBig%29)
![53.57= \Big ( \dfrac{145}{[Na^+]_{in}} \Big)](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=53.57%3D%20%5CBig%20%28%20%5Cdfrac%7B145%7D%7B%5BNa%5E%2B%5D_%7Bin%7D%7D%20%20%20%5CBig%29)
![[Na^+]_{in}= 2.70](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=%5BNa%5E%2B%5D_%7Bin%7D%3D%202.70)
It would be C. because the student is using different amounts of fertilizer in each container
C. the basic unit on inheritance
They would most likely suffer from blood problems and/or urination problems
Atoms come together to form molecules because of their electrons. Electrons can join (or bond) atoms together in two main ways. When two atoms share electrons between them, they are locked together (bonded) by that sharing. These are called covalent bonds