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Answer:
The correct order of events is:
C) Nicotine binds to the transmembrane protein that normally binds the neurotransmitter acetylcholine.
A) The acetylcholine receptor is an ion channel, and when a ligand binds, the ion channel opens.
B) An influx of ions carries the signal to the reward areas of the brain.
D) The signal causes release of dopamine in the brain, which causes good feelings.
E) Nicotine is quickly eliminated from the body (causing cravings for more cigarettes to produce good feelings).
Explanation:
Nicotine acts on acetyl cholinergic receptors that are located in membranes of the midbrain neurons. Nicotine can activate those receptors or block them more efficiently than acetylcholine. Stimulation of nicotinic receptors leads to an increase in ions flow that reaches the brain and causes dopamine release in the nucleus accumbens through axonal prolongations of the dopaminergic pathway. This response is responsible for the smoker´s recompense sensation.
The dopaminergic pathway is the most important way in the process of nicotine dependence and addiction to the drug.
Answer:
Although they are not closely related, as vertebrate animals, they share some characteristics and belong to the same Phylum.
Explanation:
Tigers and goldfish belong to different Classes. Tigers (<em>Panthera tigris</em>) belong to the Class Mammalia, while goldfish (<em>Carassius auratus</em>) belong to the Class Actinopterygii. However, they both belong to the Phylum Chordata.
Chordates share particular characteristics, such as a dorsal neural tube, a notochord, a bilateral symmetry, circulatory system, amongst other features. They are divided into different groups of vertebrates as well: mammals, birds, amphibians, reptiles, and fish. And, according to evolutionionary studies, over 300 million years ago, the first vertebrates that lived on land (amphibians) evolved from a lobe-finned fish species, which eventually led to the evolution of mammals that adapted to terrestrial environments.
Therefore, even though goldfish and tigers may seem completely different, they share similar characteristics. Plus, they are vertebrates that belong to the same phylum.
Because of the 7 billion people that live on this earth :)
Answer:
the trait with Mendelian inheritance shows segregation in the F2 generation.
Explanation:
Blending inheritance is the theory that the offspring inherits any characteristic that are intermediate between those of the parents.
However, Gregor Johann Mendel showed that this not true that hereditary substances from parents merge together in their offspring.
In the given question,
the offspring of true-breeding parents show an intermediate phenotype, although a trait such as flower color in snapdragons is determined by two alleles with incomplete dominance.
The difference is that the trait with Mendelian inheritance shows segregation in the F2 generation.