Answer:
In quiet breathing inspiration involves muscular contractions and expiration is passive.
Explanation:
Respiration process involves two different stages, inspiration - inhalation- and expiration - exhalation-.
During inspiration, the diaphragm <u>contracts</u> and goes down, while intercostal muscles also <u>contract</u> and go up. These actions enhance the size of the thoracic box and <u>reduce internal pressure</u>. As a result, air flows in and fills the lungs.
During expiration, the <u>diaphragm relaxes</u> and the volume of the thoracic box diminishes, which causes the <u>pressure inside to increase</u>. In consequence, the lungs contract and the air is expulsed outside.
Answer:
a. the result of an individual's genetic constitution
Explanation:
Phenotype is the morphological expression of genotype. The genetic constituent of an individual is known as genotype. Genotype determines the genetic traits and imparts specific features of the organisms which constitute the phenotype of the organism.
The phenotype of the organisms depends on the type of the alleles of the genes present in the genome of the organisms.
For example, a human with genotype "ii" has blood type "O". Here, "ii" is the genotype that is responsible for phenotype "O blood type".
On the other hand, a human with genotype "IAIA" has blood type "A". Here. "blood type A" is the phenotype.
DNA is the molecule that carries genetic information of a given organisms. Genetic variation is the changes that occur in the genome of an organisms to help an organism adapt well to the environment, however, they might also be disadvantageous. The variation in DNA sequences are useful in building a tree of life because DNA sequences are similar in closely related organisms and less similar in less closely related organisms.
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