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Mrac [35]
3 years ago
7

The compound known as diethyl ether, commonly referred to as ether, contains carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. A 1.751 g sample of e

ther was combusted in an oxygen rich environment to produce 4.159 g of CO 2 ( g ) and 2.128 g of H 2 O ( g ) .
Insert subscripts to complete the empirical formula of ether.
Chemistry
1 answer:
fredd [130]3 years ago
7 0

<u>Answer:</u> The empirical formula for the given compound is C_{4}H_{10}O

<u>Explanation:</u>

The chemical equation for the combustion of ether follows:

C_xH_yO_z+O_2\rightarrow CO_2+H_2O

where, 'x', 'y' and 'z' are the subscripts of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen respectively.

We are given:

Mass of CO_2=4.159g

Mass of H_2O=2.128g

Mass of sample = 1.751 g

We know that:

Molar mass of carbon dioxide = 44 g/mol

Molar mass of water = 18 g/mol

<u>For calculating the mass of carbon:</u>

In 44 g of carbon dioxide, 12 g of carbon is contained.

So, in 4.159 g of carbon dioxide, \frac{12}{44}\times 4.159=1.134g of carbon will be contained.

<u>For calculating the mass of hydrogen:</u>

In 18 g of water, 2 g of hydrogen is contained.

So, in 2.128 g of water, \frac{2}{18}\times 2.128=0.236g of hydrogen will be contained.

Mass of oxygen in the compound = (1.751) - (1.134 + 0.236) = 0.381 g

To formulate the empirical formula, we need to follow some steps:

  • <u>Step 1:</u> Converting the given masses into moles.

Moles of Carbon = \frac{\text{Given mass of Carbon}}{\text{Molar mass of Carbon}}=\frac{1.134g}{12g/mole}=0.0945moles

Moles of Hydrogen = \frac{\text{Given mass of Hydrogen}}{\text{Molar mass of Hydrogen}}=\frac{0.236g}{1g/mole}=0.236moles

Moles of Oxygen = \frac{\text{Given mass of oxygen}}{\text{Molar mass of oxygen}}=\frac{0.381g}{16g/mole}=0.0238moles

  • <u>Step 2:</u> Calculating the mole ratio of the given elements.

For the mole ratio, we divide each value of the moles by the smallest number of moles calculated which is 0.0238 moles.

For Carbon = \frac{0.0945}{0.0238}=3.97\approx 4

For Hydrogen = \frac{0.236}{0.0238}=9.91\approx 10

For Oxygen = \frac{0.0238}{0.0238}=1

  • <u>Step 3:</u> Taking the mole ratio as their subscripts.

The ratio of C : H : O = 4 : 10 : 1

Hence, the empirical formula for the given compound is C_{4}H_{10}O

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The question is incomplete, here is the complete question:

A chemist titrates 110.0 mL of a 0.2412 M hypochlorous acid (HCIO) solution with 0.0613 M NaOH solution at 25°C. Calculate the pH at equivalence. The pKa of hypochlorous acid is 7.50. Round your answer to 2 decimal places

<u>Answer:</u> The pH of the solution is 10.09

<u>Explanation:</u>

To calculate the volume of base, we use the equation given by neutralization reaction:

n_1M_1V_1=n_2M_2V_2

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n_1,M_1\text{ and }V_1 are the n-factor, molarity and volume of acid which is HClO

n_2,M_2\text{ and }V_2 are the n-factor, molarity and volume of base which is NaOH.

We are given:

n_1=1\\M_1=0.2412M\\V_1=110.0mL\\n_2=1\\M_2=0.0613M\\V_2=?mL

Putting values in above equation, we get:

1\times 0.2412\times 110.0=1\times 0.0613\times V_2\\\\V_2=\frac{1\times 0.2412\times 110.0}{1\times 0.0613}=432.8mL

At equivalence, the number of moles of acid is equal to the number of moles of base. Also, the moles of salt which is NaClO will also be the same.

To calculate the number of moles for given molarity, we use the equation:

\text{Molarity of the solution}=\frac{\text{Moles of solute}\times 1000}{\text{Volume of solution (in mL)}}     .....(1)

  • <u>For HClO:</u>

Molarity of HClO solution = 0.2412 M

Volume of solution = 110.0 mL

Putting values in equation 1, we get:

0.2412M=\frac{\text{Moles of HClO}\times 1000}{110}\\\\\text{Moles of HClO}=\frac{(0.2412\times 110)}{1000}=0.026532mol

  • <u>For NaClO:</u>

Moles of NaClO = 0.026532 moles

Volume of solution = [432.8 + 110] mL = 542.8 mL

Putting values in above equation, we get:

\text{Molarity of NaClO}=\frac{0.026532\times 1000}{542.8}=0.0489M

To calculate the pH of the solution, we use the equation:

pH=7+\frac{1}{2}[pK_a+\log C]

where,

pK_a = negative logarithm of weak acid which is hypochlorous acid = 7.50

C = concentration of the salt = 0.0489 M

Putting values in above equation, we get:

pH=7+\frac{1}{2}[7.50+\log (0.0489)]\\\\pH=7+3.09=10.09

Hence, the pH of the solution is 10.09

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