Assuming we're working with the base 10 log, you can solve by making both sides exponents to a base of 10 (which cancels the log on the right side):
1. we have to find what number lie at A and B , and that too between and 1 and 2 , so these two numbers must be decimal numbers!! So let's find the number of scales between 1 and 2 , we get 8 scales !! So the question is how much place 1 scale will occupy ?? we have to find certain numbers between 1 and 2 , suppose between 1 and 2 we have 1 unit and those 1 unit occupies 8 scales !! so much place 1 scale occupies ?? to get it divide 1 by 8 and we get 0.125 !! so between 1 and 2 ,each blank space or scale occupies 0.125 unit!! now what numbers lie at A ? count the number of scale between 1 and A , we get 3 scales ! now multiply 3 by 0.125 , we get 0.375 , add 1 to 0.375 , we get 1.375 !! hence 1.375 lies at A ! now we have to find which number lies at B ? count the number of blanks or scale , we get 4 ! multiply 4 by 0.125 and we get 0.5 ! add this 0.5 to 1 , we get 1.5 ! therefore the number 1.5 lies at B !!
2. for 2nd number solution refer to the attachment! !
We take 2 marbles from 20 marbles and the total ways is 20x19:2=190
But we need only 2 red marbles and the ways is 14x13:2=91
And finally we do the division 91:190=91/190 is the probability we need
Its is 900 because 120 divided by 8 is 15 and 15 times 60 is 900