Answer:
Vertical accountability refers to the ability of
a. individuals and groups to hold state institutions accountable
Explanation:
When discussing accountability in governance, there are different types which include vertical accountability and horizontal accountability.
Vertical accountability refers to the ability of individuals and groups to hold state institutions accountable and horizontal accountability refers to the ability of the legislature to hold the executive accountable.
The application administrator should tighten measures on the external application used in the database backend especially when it comes to creating user IDs in order to prevent unauthorized users - any off-campus or even non-affiliated users to indiscriminately post links, especially malware and malicious ones. This can be done by selecting a viable verification method in order to only allow on-campus students to sign-up to the service.
the producer in this case sujid is gaining a little more money because then when the profit is increased he will get a little less money because then the people will buy it but the money will be less for the producer(s)
