Answer:
c
Explanation:
Definition: The tendency toward a relatively stable equilibrium between interdependent elements, especially as maintained by physiological processes.
Answer:
Fruiting body, If cut off, will hamper sexual reproduction in fungi.
<u>Explanation:</u>
Fungi are of unicellular, multinucleate, and multicellular. They can be classified based on their reproductive spores and their multinucleate or multicellular filaments nature that can be called as hyphae. The sporocarp that is also named as fruiting bodyor fruit body is a multicellular structure in which the spore-producing structures, like basidia or asci, are born.
The fungi consist of spores in the fruiting bodies, that are dispersed for reproduction process. Mushrooms common instance of a fruiting body. These are formed from hyphae, that are smaller threads that usually forms the bulk of fungi. The term mycelium that describes a hyphae network will be extending in all directions through the soil. Hence, when Fruiting body is cut off it will hamper sexual reproduction in fungi because there are many hyphae with which Fruiting body can be formed.
Microevolution is small genetic changes within a specific population or a group within a population, occurring within a short time span, like one generation. Macroevolution is big changes across species and over long spans of time.
Answer: lithosphere
Explanation:
Apart of the earth upper mantle,
