When the sides are the same then the triangles are congruent. because they all have exactly the same sides. because the two triangles do not have exactly the same sides.
1) Distribute the exponent outside of the parentheses to the terms inside the parentheses. In this case, multiply the 3 outside the parentheses with the exponent of each of the terms inside:
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2) The variables are fine - you can't simplify them further. All you need to do now is multiply the out. Remember that it's kind of like asking, "what is 4 × 4 ×4?"