When it comes to population evolution and genetics, we cannot fail to cite the Hardy-Weinberg principle which emphasizes that if evolutionary factors such as natural selection, mutation, migration and genetic oscillation do not act on a particular population, the frequencies genotypic proportions will remain constant.
The five requirements for a population to be in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium are:
- Large-scale breeding population: For a population to be in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, it is important that this population is large, as small populations favor genetic drift (unanticipated fluctuations in allele frequencies from one generation to another).
- Random mating: In order for the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium to occur, it is necessary that the mating occur at random, with no preference for certain groups within the population. In this case, we say that the population is in panmixia, that is, they all mate at random.
- No mutations: Mutations alter the total alleles present in a population (gene pool). Therefore, in a Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium population, no mutations should occur.
- No gene flow: When there is gene flow due to migration or immigration of individuals, some genes may be included or excluded from the population. Thus, in an equilibrium situation, no gene flow occurs.
- Lack of natural selection: For a population to be in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, natural selection must not be acting on it. If natural selection acts, some genotypes will be selected, modifying the allelic frequencies of the population.
An insertion mutation occured.
After the mutation, a letter was inserted, and the others remained intact. The number of letters increased by 1.
The correct answer is Protozoa.
A class of single-celled, non-prokaryotic organisms known as protozoa.These could either be parasitic or free-living in nature. These are heterotrophs that procreate via binary fission in an asexual manner. Numerous unrelated or tangentially related organisms make up the Protozoa. Sarcodina, Flagellates, Ciliates, and Sporozoans are the four main divisions. There are two stages in the life cycle of certain protozoa: the proliferative stage (trophozoites), and the resting stage (cysts). Trophozoites are the proliferative stage of the protozoa, which is when they divide and reproduce. The protozoa can tolerate adverse environmental circumstances like toxic chemicals, intense heat, and nutrition and water shortages because of their resting cyst shape.
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The ecosystem will collapse and fail because every species are needed and play a role in the ecosystem.
