Answer:
EPSP and IPSP trigger action potential
Explanation:
“EPSP” means “excitatory postsynaptic potential” which occurs when +ively charged ions move towards the postsynaptic cell thereby depolarizing of postsynaptic membrane potential. IPSPs are inhibitory postsynaptic potential. Whenever the EPSPs or IPSPs changes, the , neurotransmitters bind to receptors thereby opening or closing ion channels in the postsynaptic cell and hence triggering the Action potentials which is basically nerve impulses or spikes.
Answer:
Explanation:
Cells start undergoing anaerobic respiration when energy requirement is high and there is not sufficient availability of oxygen to produce required energy .
For example , when we we run fast , energy requirement by muscle cell is high but available oxygen level is not sufficient so cells start anaerobic respiration which produces lactic acid and this product creates tire-ness.
For normal respiration , oxygen is required . If there is lack of oxygen , aerobic respiration is not possible .
In yeast cells , alcohol is produced by anaerobic respiration. Alcohol is not harmful . In muscle cells , lactic acid is produced which is harmful .
Answer:
Active Transport
Explanation:
Active transport is the process of transport of substances from region of their lower to that of higher concentration. Since the transport occurs against the concentration gradient, it is energy requiring process and needs input of energy to occur.
In given example, liver cells transports vitamins against the concentration gradient in energy dependent manner. Therefore, it is an example of "active transport".
<span>50%
Since each parent contributes 1 allele to their offspring, we can expect a even distribution of 4 allele combinations in the offspring of these fish. They are
s1s2 = s1 from 1st parent, s2 from 2nd parent
s1s4 = s1 from 1st parent, s4 from 2nd parent
s3s2 = s3 from 1st parent, s2 from 2nd parent
s3s4 = s3 from 1st parent, s4 from 2nd parent
Since both the s1s4 and s3s2 offspring have 5 units of color, that would indicate that 50% of their offspring will have 5 units of color.</span>
Answer:
Leave is an important structure of plant body where food production occurs in the process of photosynthesis. In the leaves, small tiny pores called stomata are present on lower side of the leaf. These pores are responsible for the exchange of gases such as carbondioxide and oxygen. These stomata opens and carbondioxide is absorbed from the atmosphere and water from the soil. Both reactants combine in the presence of sunlight producing oxygen and glucose. Oxygen is released through stomata and glucose is stored in different parts of plant.
