I think that the answer to your question is either A or C but I'm going towards A
The correct answer is B. Shi'ites
They believed that Muhammad's cousin and son-in-law, Ali. Opposite to this, Sunnis believed that his Caliph should lead the country.
The Enlightenment played an important role in the French Revolution. The Enlightenment transformed the monarchy, creating the idea of a republic. The bourgeoisie liked the ideas of John Locke. He said no king should have absolute power and liked the idea of a constitutional monarchy.
All of the above is the correct answer.