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3 years ago

Enteric interneurons that are inhibitory to smooth muscle use which of the following neurotransmitters?

Biology

1 answer:

lys-0071 [83]3 years ago

5 0

Answer:

a. VIP (vasoactive intestinal peptide)

Explanation:

The enteric nervous system (ENS) is one of the main divisions of the autonomic nervous system (ANS) together with sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous system. This system consists of neurons that regulate the function of the gastrointestinal tract (GI).

Inhibitory interneurons that are part of the enteric nervous system also known as Dogiel type I neurones achieve their inhibitory transmission via nitric oxide, adenosine triphosphate, vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) and pituitary activating cyclic AMP. They usually act directly on smooth muscles of GI.

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Which of the following host defenses is considered the most effective in combating S. aureus infection?

LiRa [457]

Phagocytic response is considered the most effective host defenses in combating S. aureus infection.

<h3>What is phagocytic response?</h3>

Phagocytosis is a type of cell response that plays a key role in the course of an immune response as well as in the remodeling of tissues and the healing of wounds. Professional phagocytes are specialized cells that can carry out this task quite effectively.

<h3>What is S. aureus infection?</h3>

It has long been known that S. aureus is one of the most significant germs that harm humans. It is the main contributor to skin and soft tissue infections such cellulitis, furuncles, and abscesses (boils). Boils are the most typical staph infection form. This is a pus-filled pocket that forms in an oil gland or hair follicle. Typically, the skin around the infected area turns red and swells. To treat staph infections, doctors frequently administer cefazolin, nafcillin, oxacillin, vancomycin, daptomycin, and linezolid. Vancomycin may be necessary for staph infections that are severe. This is due to the fact that a large number of staph bacterium strains have developed resistance to other common antibiotics.

Thus from above conclusion we can say that phagocytic response is considered the most effective host defenses in combating S. aureus infection.

Learn more about the phagocytic response here:

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1 year ago

What are the reason for which people deposit money in a bank ?

IRISSAK [1]

So when they get robbed all their money doesn’t get stolen and it’s safe

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3 years ago

22. A plant geneticist is investigating the inheritance of genes for bitter taste (Su) and explosive rind (e) in watermelon (Cit

mylen [45]

Answer:

See the answer below

Explanation:

Using the formula for calculating Chi square ( $X^2$ ):

$X^2$ = $\frac{(O - E)^2}{E}$ where O = observed frequency and E = expected frequency.

The observed frequencies for the four phenotypes are 88, 62, 62, and 81 respectively.

For the expected frequency, the phenotypes are supposed to assort in 9:3:3:1 according to Mendel ratio.

Hence, expected frequencies are calculated as:

phenotype (1) = 9/16 x 293 = 164.81

phenotype (2) = 3/16 x 293 = 54.94

phenotype (3) = 3/16 x 293 = 54.94

phenotype (4) = 1/16 x 293 = 18.31

The $X^2$ is calculated thus:

Phenotype O E $X^2$

1 88 164.81 $\frac{(88 - 164.81)^2}{164.81}$ = 35.80

2 62 54.94 $\frac{(62 - 54.94)^2}{54.94}$ = 0.91

3 62 54.94 $\frac{(62 - 54.94)^2}{54.94}$ = 0.91

4 81 18.31 $\frac{(81 - 18.31)^2}{18.31}$ = 214.64

Total $X^2$ = 35.80 + 0.91 + 0.91 + 214.64 = 252.26

To the nearest tenth = 252

Degree of freedom = n - 1 = 4- 1 = 3

$X^2$ tabulated = 7.815

<em>The calculated </em> $X^2$ <em> exceeds the critical value, hence, the null hypothesis is rejected. The two genes did not assort independently. </em>

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3 years ago

What is the most common cause of collisions boating?

inna [77]

When people don't know how to drive the boat correctly and they loose control.

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3 years ago

What is biochemistry?

erica [24]

Biochemistry is the study of the chemical processes occurring in living matter.

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3 years ago

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