At the time the ascetic religious system in India called Jainism, was unequal in that it favored the higher classes and granted them greater spiritual potential/reward. Buddhism became popular because it allowed even the lowly lower classes to reach Nirvana. In other words everyone could reach Nirvana, a place of perfect peace and happiness, much like the Christian idea of heaven.
Answer: level 1 of perspective-taking skills in childhood
Explanation: Perspective taking is the ability to look beyond your own point of view and understanding a concept from an alternative point of view, such as that of another individual.
Robert L. Selman an American-born educational psychologist and perspective-taking theorist illustrates level 1 of perspective-taking skills in childhood as the ability to understand that someone else may see things differently and what another person can see in physical space.
According to Benjamin Constant, Liberty of the ancient required a long time and great effort to realize the involvement of the people in the political system.
<h3>Who is Benjamin Constant?</h3>
Benjamin Constant is a Swiss-French political activist and writer on politics and religion. He wrote a psychological-biographical novel called Adolphe. He is a loud liberal figure.
Benjamin Constant tries to replace <em>"Liberty of the Ancients"</em> with <em>"Liberty of the Moderns"</em>. The Liberty of the Ancients is a free, participatory republic, which gives citizens the right to directly influence politics through debate and voting in public meetings. In order to support the level of citizen participation, it takes a long time and considerable effort. He wants people to easily gather in one place to discuss public affairs.
The Liberty of the Moderns, on the other hand, is based on the possession of civil liberties, the rule of law, and freedom from excessive state interference.
According to Constant, a modern state can be seen from the unlimited direct participation. The modern state can also be seen from its commercial society and no slaves. But everyone has to earn a living through work. In the political field, citizens will elect representatives, who will negotiate in Parliament on behalf of the people and will save citizens from having to be involved in everyday politics.
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