Answer:
a) , b) , c) , d) , e) , f)
Explanation:
From relativist physics we know that is the symbol for the speed of light, which equal to approximately 300000 kilometers per second. (300000000 meters per second).
a) <em>A car traveling 120 kilometers per hour</em>:
At first we convert the car speed into meters per second:
The ratio is now calculated: (, )
b) <em>A commercial jet airliner traveling 270 meters per second</em>:
The ratio is now calculated: (, )
c) <em>A supersonic airplane traveling Mach 2.7</em>:
At first we get the speed of the supersonic airplane from Mach's formula:
Where:
- Mach number, dimensionless.
- Speed of sound in air, measured in meters per second.
If we know that and , then the speed of the supersonic airplane is:
The ratio is now calculated: (, )
d) <em>The space shuttle, travelling 27000 kilometers per hour</em>:
At first we convert the space shuttle speed into meters per second:
The ratio is now calculated: (, )
e) <em>An electron traveling 30 centimeters in 2 nanoseconds</em>:
If we assume that electron travels at constant velocity, then speed is obtained as follows:
Where:
- Speed, measured in meters per second.
- Travelled distance, measured in meters.
- Time, measured in seconds.
If we know that and , then speed of the electron is:
The ratio is now calculated: (, )
f) <em>A proton traveling across a nucleus (10⁻¹⁴ meters) in 0.38 × 10⁻²² seconds</em>:
If we assume that proton travels at constant velocity, then speed is obtained as follows:
Where:
- Speed, measured in meters per second.
- Travelled distance, measured in meters.
- Time, measured in seconds.
If we know that and , then speed of the electron is:
The ratio is now calculated: (, )