Simplify 8 3{x - 2[x 5(x 3)]}.
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So to find how many tenths, or 1/10's, there are in four fifths, or 4/5, divide 4/5 by 1/10.
Now, remember that <u>dividing by a number is equivalent to multiplying by its reciprocal</u>. To find the reciprocal, just flip the numerator and denominator around. In this case, 1/10 would become 10/1. Flip 1/10 to its reciprocal, change the sign to multiplication, and multiply numerators with numerators and denominators with denominators:
<u>In short, there are 8 tenths in four fifths.</u>
Let be the randomly selected lengths. Without loss of generality, suppose
where are independent random variables with the same uniform distribution on [0, 1].
By their mutual independence, we have
so that the joint density function is
where is the cube with vertices at (0, 0, 0) and (1, 1, 1).
Consider the plane
with . This plane passes through (0, 0, 0), (1, 0, 1), and (0, 1, 1), and thus splits up the cube into one tetrahedral region above the plane and the rest of the cube under it. (see attached plot)
The point (0, 0, 1) (the vertex of the cube above the plane) does not belong the region , since
. So the probability we want is the volume of the bottom "half" of the cube. We could integrate the joint density over this set, but integrating over the complement is simpler since it's a tetrahedron.
Then we have
