For 1 there is causationand there is correlation because they found that if people have a higher income, they will buy a more expensive plan so one cause another
the second question, there is no correlation because it doesn’t matter how many samples they provide, people still buy the same amount
The proportion is 1 cup of sugar for 1 dozen cookies (1/1). So if you multiply the denominator by 6 you must multiply the numerator by 6, and 6*1=6. Therefore you need 6 cups of sugar to make 6 dozen cookies.