B, the lowest layer is a dinosaur fossil, therefore the mammal fossil was after
Answer:
The correct answer is "Redwood tree; human being; Paramecium; White Blood Cell; Escherichia coli; Chickenpox virus; Ribosome; Prion fibril; Water molecule; Sulfur atom".
Explanation:
Redwood trees are gigantic trees, and its size can reach up to 90 meters.
The average size of a human being is 1.7 meters for males and 1.6 meters for females.
Paramecium are members of the protozoa genus, among the largest unicellular algae. Its average size is among 50 to 330 micrometers.
White Blood Cell are up to 17 micrometers in diameter.
Escherichia coli is a type of bacteria, as a prokaryotic organism is much more smaller than a eukaryotic cell such asa the white blood cell. Escherichia coli is up to 2 micrometers in diameter.
Chickenpox virus are among the largest viruses, they are from 150 to 200 nanometers in diameter.
Ribosomes vary on size depending if they are Prokaryotic or Eukaryotic, where the first are up to 20 nanometers and the second are up to 30 nanometers.
Prion fibrils are aggregates comprised of several protein units. It size varies depending on the number of proteins, but the ones containing around 200 units can reach up to 27 nanometers.
Water molecule is comprised of two atoms of oxygen and one atom of hydrogen, its size is measured with picometers (1 picometer is equal to 1000 nanometers). A water molecule has a size of 275 picometers.
Sulfur atom is the smallest in the list. Its size is around 100 picometers.
Answer:
<u> The following four traits are -: </u>
- <u>Pedigree 1 -</u> A recessive trait (autosomal recessive) is expressed by pedigree 1.
- <u>Pedigree 2- Recessive inheritance is defined by Pedigree 2. </u>
- <u>Pedigree 3</u> - The inheritance of the dominant trait (autosomal dominant) is illustrated by Pedigree 3.
- <u>Pedigree 4-</u> An X-like dominant trait is expressed by Pedigree 4.
Explanation:
<u>Explaination of each pedigree chart</u>-
- Pedigree 1 demonstrates the <u>recessive trait </u>since their children have been affected by two unaffected individuals. If the characteristics were X-linked, in order to have an affected daughter, I-1 would have to be affected.
In this, both parents are autosomal recessive trait carriers, so the child will be affected by a 1/4 (aa) - <u> Recessive inheritance</u> is defined by <u>Pedigree 2</u>. This is<u> X-related inheritance as autosomal recessive</u> inheritance has already been accounted for in part 1. This inference is confirmed by evidence showing that the father (I-1) is unaffected and that only the sons exhibit the characteristic in generation II, suggesting that the mother must be the carrier. The individual I-2 is a carrier for this X-linked trait. A typical Xa chromosome is attached to the unaffected father (I-1), so the chance of carrier II-5 is 1/2. Probability of an affected son = 1/2 (probability II-5 is a carrier) x 1/2 (probability II -5 contributes (
) x 1/2 (probability of Y from father II-6) = 1/8. An affected daughter's likelihood is 0 because a typical
must be contributed by II-6. - The inheritance of the<u> dominant trait</u> is demonstrated by <u>Pedigree 3 </u>because affected children still have affected parents (remember that all four diseases are rare). The trait must be <u>autosomal dominant</u> because it is passed down to the son by the affected father. There is a 1/2 risk that the heterozygous mother (II-5) would pass on mutant alleles to a child of either sex for an autosomal dominant feature.
- <u>Pedigree 4</u> is an <u>X-linked dominant function</u> characterized by the transmission to all of his daughters from the affected father but none of his son. On the mutant X chromosome, the father (I-1) passes on to all his daughters and none of his sons. As seen by his normal phenotype, II-6 therefore does not bear the mutation. An affected child's likelihood is 0.
In the question the pedigree chart was missing ,hence it is given below.
Active transport requires energy from the cell. It occurs when substances move from areas of lower to higher concentration or when very large molecules are transported. Types of active transport include ion pumps, such as the sodium-potassium pump, and vesicle transport, which includes endocytosis and exocytosis.