This behavior is an example of Moral hazard
.
Option A
<u>Explanation</u>:
Moral hazard is a behavior occurs when a person increases his/her exposure to risk when insured or have a financial assistance. In this situation ''person takes more risks" because someone else is there to bear cost of risks. In the above situation, Martha used to spend less before but when she got the scholarship she started spending more as having a financial security of scholarship. Other options - pecuniary externality, the paradox of thrif and the free-rider problem are incorrect as do not have any relevance with the case of Martha.
The answer to this quesiton is <span> oversimplify the contents.
Every social occurences that happen could always be analyzed through different point of view, which will make us understand why and how the occurence happens. When we only focus on the conclusion, we will ignore the point of view that presented by the opposite factors of your argument which make your research seem biased.
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Because of the rain shadow effect, a dry region occurs on the downside of a mountain.
Option: A
<u>Explanation:</u>
In orographic rainfall, mountain acts as barrier and moisture laden wind get an obstacle in its path in the form of that mountain and cause rainfall in the windward sides of the hills (mountain) and create rain shadow region in the lee ward sides of the hills (mountain).
Because when moisture laden winds reach that side all the moisture in the winds dries up. For e.g. eastern part of western ghat mountain in the Peninsular India is an example of rain shadow region.
The correct answer is letter B
Utility theory is widely used in economic science to explain how consumers or decision makers make their choices in the best way.
Even if it is not possible to measure the utility that a consumer attributes to a specific good, the theory seeks to compare and classify the alternatives of choice to the good.
I believe the answer is: Cognitive
The cognitive approach of psychology focuses on how the thought that people have would affect their overall behaviour. The thought process would influence whether people see their problems in positive or negative lights. People who see them in negative perspective, tend to adopt a defeatist behaviour and tend to choose to run away from their problems rather than facing it.
