Answer is: Prepare to measure pH change.
For example for strong acid-base titration, sodium hydoxide and hydrochloric can be used.
Balanced chemical reaction: HCl + NaOH → NaCl + H₂O.
In this reaction pH of equivalence point will be always 7.
Equivalence point is the point which there is stoichiometrically equivalent amounts of acid and base.
Chemist can draw pH curve (graph showing the change in pH of a solution, which is being titrated) for titration and determine equivalence point.
Near equivalence point indicator should change color, so we must pick indicator who change color near pH of equivalence point.
Missing in your question Ka2 =6.3x10^-8
From this reaction:
H2SO3 + H2O ↔ H3O+ + HSO3-
by using the ICE table :
H2SO3 ↔ H3O + HSO3-
intial 0.6 0 0
change -X +X +X
Equ (0.6-X) X X
when Ka1 = [H3O+][HSO3-]/[H2SO3]
So by substitution:
1.5X10^-2 = (X*X) / (0.6-X) by solving this equation for X
∴ X = 0.088
∴[H2SO3] = 0.6 - 0.088 = 0.512
[HSO3-] = [H3O+] = 0.088
by using the ICE table 2:
HSO3- ↔ H3O + SO3-
initial 0.088 0.088 0
change -X +X +X
Equ (0.088-X) (0.088+X) X
Ka2= [H3O+] [SO3-] / [HSO3-]
we can assume [HSO3-] = 0.088 as the value of Ka2 is very small
6.3x10^-8 = (0.088+X)*X / 0.088
X^2 +0.088 X - 5.5x10^-9= 0 by solving this equation for X
∴X= 6.3x10^-8
∴[H3O+] = 0.088 + 6.3x10^-8
= 0.088 m ( because X is so small)
∴PH= -㏒[H3O+]
= -㏒ 0.088 = 1.06
litmus paper
Because it will just tell if the solution is acidic or basic, it won't tell the pH
<h3><u>Answer;</u></h3>
A) Its temperature will fall continuously until it condensed into a liquid.
<h3><u>Explanation</u>;</h3>
- <em><u>Steam or water vapor is the gaseous state of liquid water. When water vapor above a temperature of 100 degrees Celsius is cooled, the temperature falls continuously, and it undergoes condensation at a temperature of 100 degrees Celsius and turns into liquid water.</u></em>
- The change of state from gaseous to liquid state occurs as a result of latent heat of vaporization that the water vapor carries.
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