A rapid release of stored up energy
The enthalpy of reaction for the combustion of ethane 2CH₃CH₃ + 7O₂ → 4CO₂ + 6H₂O calculated from the average bond energies of the compounds is -2860 kJ/mol.
The reaction is:
2CH₃CH₃ + 7O₂ → 4CO₂ + 6H₂O (1)
The enthalpy of reaction (1) is given by:
(2)
Where:
r: is for reactants
p: is for products
The bonds of the compounds of reaction (1) are:
- 2CH₃CH₃: 2 moles of 6 C-H bonds + 2 moles of 1 C-C bond
- 7O₂: 7 moles of 1 O=O bond
- 4CO₂: 4 moles of 2 C=O bonds
- 6H₂O: 6 moles of 2 H-O bonds
Hence, the enthalpy of reaction (1) is (eq 2):

Therefore, the enthalpy of reaction for the combustion of ethane is -2860 kJ/mol.
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The correct answers are :
Changing the volume of the system.
Changing the temperature of the system.
Equilibrium will remain unaffected if the concentration of products and reactants are kept the same, and the temperature of the system is kept constant.
As the system is closed, we cannot add or remove products or reactants.
Change in temperature will shift the chemical equilibrium towards the reactant or product depending on whether the reaction is exothermic or endothermic.
Also change in volume will shift the chemical equilibrium of a chemical reaction if the reactants or products or both are gases.
Answer:
Una cadena alimentaria es una secuencia lineal de organismos a través de la cual los nutrientes y la energía pasan de un organismo a otro mediante consumo. ... Las redes tróficas consisten de varias cadenas alimentarias interconectadas y son una representación más realista de las relaciones de consumo en los ecosistemas
Explanation:
A food chain is a linear sequence of organisms through which nutrients and energy pass from one organism to another by consumption. ... Food webs consist of several interconnected food chains and are a more realistic representation of consumption relationships in ecosystems
Answer:
4.1x10⁻⁵
Explanation:
The dissociation of an acid is a reversible reaction, and, because of that, it has an equilibrium constant, Ka. For a generic acid (HA), the dissociation happens by:
HA ⇄ H⁺ + A⁻
So, if x moles of the acid dissociates, x moles of H⁺ and x moles of A⁻ is formed. the percent of dissociation of the acid is:
% = (dissociated/total)*100%
4.4% = (x/[HA])*100%
But x = [A⁻], so:
[A⁻]/[HA] = 0.044
The pH of the acid can be calcualted by the Handersson-Halsebach equation:
pH = pKa + log[A⁻]/[HA]
3.03 = pKa + log 0.044
pKa = 3.03 - log 0.044
pKa = 4.39
pKa = -logKa
logKa = -pKa
Ka = 
Ka = 
Ka = 4.1x10⁻⁵