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Rasek [7]
3 years ago
15

Un depósito de gran superficie se llena de agua hasta una altura de 0,3 m. En el fondo del depósito hay un orificio de 5 cm2 de

sección por el que sale el agua con un chorro continuo. A) ¿Qué cantidad de líquido saldrá del depósito expresada en m3/s?
Physics
1 answer:
ahrayia [7]3 years ago
5 0

Answer:

a) El caudal de salida del chorro es 1.213\times 10^{-3}\,\frac{m^{3}}{s}.

Explanation:

a) Asúmase que el tanque se encuentra a presión atmósferica y que la sima del tanque tiene una altura de 0 metros. La rapidez de salida del chorro del depósito se determined a partir del Principio de Bernoulli, cuya línea de corriente entre la cima y la sima del tanque queda descrita por la siguiente ecuación:

\Delta z = \frac{v_{out}^{2}}{2\cdot g}

Donde:

\Delta z - Diferencia de altura, medida en metros.

g - Constante gravitacional, medida en metros por segundo al cuadrado.

v_{out} - Rapidez de salida del chorro, medida en metros por segundo.

Se despeja la rapidez de salida del chorro:

v_{out} = \sqrt{2\cdot g \cdot \Delta z}

Si g = 9.807\,\frac{m}{s^{2}} y \Delta z = 0.3\,m, entonces la rapidez de salida del chorro es:

v_{out} = \sqrt{2\cdot \left(9.807\,\frac{m}{s^{2}} \right)\cdot (0.3\,m)}

v_{out} \approx 2.426\,\frac{m}{s}

Ahora, la cantidad de líquido que sale del depósito por unidad de tiempo se obtiene al multiplicar la rapidez de salida del chorro por el área transversal del orificio. Esto es:

\dot V_{out} = v_{out}\cdot A_{t}

Donde:

v_{out} - Rapidez de salida del chorro, medida en metros por segundo.

A_{t} - Área transversal del orificio, medido en metros cuadrados.

\dot V_{out} - Caudal de salida del chorro, medido en metros cúbicos por segundo.

Dado que v_{out} = 2.426\,\frac{m}{s} y A_{t} = 5\,cm^{2}, el caudal de salida del chorro es:

\dot V_{out} = \left(2.426\,\frac{m}{s} \right)\cdot (5\,cm^{2})\cdot \left(\frac{1}{10000}\,\frac{m^{2}}{cm^{2}}  \right)

\dot V_{out} = 1.213\times 10^{-3}\,\frac{m^{3}}{s}

El caudal de salida del chorro es 1.213\times 10^{-3}\,\frac{m^{3}}{s}.

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