Answer and explanation:
Epinephrine and norepinephrine are two hormones that are released from the adrenal medulla when the body is under stress (like during exercise, for example) as a part of the sympathetic response.
These hormones have many functions and they all work together to prepare the individual for a fight or flight response -<em> like increasing heart rate and producing bronchodilatation</em>. One of these functions is the rise of glucose levels in blood which is important for this substance to reach several tissues, like the skeletal muscle. The skeletal muscle will make use of this glucose to produce ATP and generate the required energy for muscle contraction through a process called glycolysis, which is key for the fight or flight response mentioned above.
When we exercise, glucose levels rise thanks to these hormones so the skeletal muscle can have enough energy to contract and move as we want. If the exercise is too intense or prolongued, glucose levels will drop and other fuels will be needed to sustain this activity, like stored glycogen and fat.
Animal cells (which are Eukaryotes) contain a nuclues, while Bacterial cells (which are Prokaryotes) do not contain a nucleus.
Mutations are changes that occurs in our DNA sequence, either due to mistakes when the DNA is copied or as the result of environmental factors such as UV light and cigarette smoke.
They increase the genetic variation within a species because they can create entirely new alleles in a population, random mating, random fertilization, and recombination between homologous chromosomes during meiosis which reshuffles alleles within an organism's offspring.
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True - ligaments can be overstretched.
