Question

How many sodium atoms are in 0.1310 g of sodium

Answer 1

To convert grams to atoms, we first need to find the moles and then multiply by Avogadro's constant.

0.1310 g * (1 mol/22.99 g) * (6.022*10^23 atom/1 mol) = 3.431 *10^21 atoms.

Answer 2

$\boxed{{\text{3}}{\text{.43}}\times{\text{1}}{{\text{0}}^{{\text{21}}}}{\text{ atoms}}}$ of sodium are present in 0.1310 g of sodium.

Further Explanation:

Mole is a measure of the amount of substance. It is defined as the mass of a substance that has the same number of fundamental units as there are atoms in 12 g of carbon-12. Such fundamental units can be atoms, molecules or formula units.

Avogadro’s number is the number of units that are present in one mole of substance. Its value is equal to ${\text{6}}{\text{.022}}\times {\text{1}}{{\text{0}}^{{\text{23}}}}\;{\text{units}}$  per mole of substance. These units can be electrons, atoms, molecules or ions.

The formula to calculate the moles of sodium is as follows:

${\text{Moles of sodium}}=\dfrac{{{\text{Given mass of sodium}}}}{{{\text{Molar mass of sodium}}}}$        ......(1)

The given mass of sodium is 0.1310 g.

The molar mass of sodium is 22.9897 g/mol.

Substitute these values in equation (1).

$\begin{aligned}{\text{Moles of sodium}}&=\left({{\text{0}}{\text{.1310 g}}}\right)\left({\frac{{{\text{1 mol}}}}{{{\text{22}}{\text{.9897 g}}}}}\right)\\&={\text{0}}{\text{.005698204 mol}}\\&\approx {\text{0}}{\text{.0057 mol}}\\\end{aligned}$

The number of sodium atoms is calculated as follows:

${\text{Atoms of sodium}}=\left({{\text{Moles of sodium}}} \right)\left({{\text{Avogadro's Number}}}\right)$         ......(2)

The moles of sodium is 0.005698204 mol.

The value of Avogadro’s number is ${\text{6}}{\text{.022}} \times{\text{1}}{{\text{0}}^{{\text{23}}}}\;{\text{atoms}}$.

Substitute these values in equation (2).

$\begin{aligned}{\text{Number of atoms of sodium}}{\mathbf&{ = }}\left( {{\text{0}}{\text{.005698204 mol}}}\right)\left({\frac{{{\text{6}}{\text{.022}}\times {\text{1}}{{\text{0}}^{{\text{23}}}}{\text{ atoms}}}}{{{\text{1 mol}}}}}\right)\\&={\text{3}}{\text{.43145}}\times {\text{1}}{{\text{0}}^{{\text{21}}}}{\text{ atoms}}\\&\approx {\text{3}}{\text{.43}}\times {\text{1}}{{\text{0}}^{{\text{21}}}}{\text{atoms}}\\\end{aligned}$

Therefore, the number of atoms of sodium is ${\mathbf{3}}{\mathbf{.43 \times 1}}{{\mathbf{0}}^{{\mathbf{21}}}}{\mathbf{ atoms}}$ .

Learn more:

1. Calculate the moles of chlorine in 8 moles of carbon tetrachloride: brainly.com/question/3064603

2. Calculate the moles of ions in the solution: brainly.com/question/5950133

Answer details:

Grade: Senior School

Subject: Chemistry

Chapter: Mole concept

Keywords: sodium, atom, molecules, 0.1310 g, mole, Avogadro’s number, molar mass, given mass of sodium, 0.005698204 mol, 22.9897 g/mol, 12 g, carbon-12, amount of substance, electrons, atoms, molecules.