Answer:
D. A Fed sale of bonds to brokers and banks.
Explanation:
The sale of bonds to banks and brokers is a contractionary open market policy. Its objective is to check inflation by slowing down the rate of economic growth. When the Fed offer bonds to the markets at a higher interests rate, banks will prefer to buy the bonds than lending out money to household and firms.
Producers rely on banks to fund their operations. If they cannot obtains loans for production and growth, their output decreases. A decrease in output results in reduced exports. Low production of US goods means a reduced supply to the international market. It means international buyers will be competing for fewer US products. As the markets compete for the few available products, they push the demand for the dollar up, causing it to appreciate in value.
The lower cost or market approach is (C) required under GAAP for companies that use LIFO or retail inventory.
<h3>
What is market approach?</h3>
- The market approach is a method of evaluating an asset's worth based on the selling price of comparable assets.
- Along with the cost technique and discounted cash-flow analysis, it is one of three main valuation methodologies (DCF).
- Companies that use LIFO or retail inventory are obligated by GAAP to use the lower cost or market method.
- A realtor, for example, can gather information on comparable real estate sales in close vicinity to a client's property and modify those values to account for differences in land area and building square footage to arrive at a market-based valuation for the targeted property.
Therefore, the lower cost or market approach is (C) required under GAAP for companies that use LIFO or retail inventory.
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The complete question is given below:
The lower cost or market approach is _____ for companies that use _____.
a. optional under GAAP; LIFO or the retail inventory
b. optional under GAAP; any method of inventory valuation
c. required under GAAP; LIFO or the retail inventory
d. required under GAAP; any method of inventory valuation
Answer: C. The decline in the P/E ratio more than offset earnings growth and this pushed the market cap down.
Explanation:
Market Cap = P/E ratio * Earnings
Market cap is dependent on both the P/E ratio and Earnings as shown by the formula and as shown on the graph, the P/E ratio kept on decreasing which means that for the Market Cap to decrease, the downward pull of the P/E ratio must have overshadowed the growth in earnings such that the Market Cap went down instead of up.
For instance, if the earnings were $40 billion and the P/E ratio was 15, Market Cap would be $600 billion.
If earnings increased to $45 billion but P/E ratio decreased to 10, Market Cap would become $450 billion.
