Answer:
d. less than 100% of the energy captured from sunlight is transformed into potential energy in the form of a hydrogen ion gradient and then into potential energy in the form of covalent bonds
Explanation:
Photosynthesis is process utilized by plants, several bacteria and protists to convert the light energy to chemical energy. So they utilize the photosynthesis as the powerhouse for the energy production. Heterotrophs like human that cannot synthesize their own food, use this converted form of energy by autotrophs.
During the light reaction of photosynthesis the photons from light are absorbed by photosystem I and II. These photons excites the electrons which flow through the electron transport chain from higher potential to lower potential. These electrons release the energy while moving from higher potential to lower potential which is utilized by H+ pump to pump the H+ to lumen of plastids from stroma and of course not the 100% energy is utilized some of the energy dissipates. . So this process causes the accumulation of high potential H+ ions across the membrane. These H+ ions are utilized for the production of ATP by ATP synthase complex when they flow back to lower potential across the membrane through ATP synthase complex.
The ATP and NADPH produced from light reaction are utilized to combine carbon molecules during dark reaction. The covalent bond is used to combine the carbon molecules and we know that combining carbon molecules stores energy in the form of covalent bond.
There are 6 common types of pesticide that are recognized and seen quite often:
1. Insecticides which are mainly used to kill insects, ticks, and mites.
2. Herbicides which are mainly used to kill weeds.
3. Fungicides which are mainly used to kill mildew and other fungi.
4. Rodenticides which are mainly used to kill mice, rats, and other rodents.
5. Disinfectants which are mainly used to kill bacteria and mold.
6. Wood Preservatives which mainly protects wood from fungus and insects invading it's system.
There are different types of families for pesticide as well at a much deeper level.
Answer: No
Explanation:
The american alligator are sighted in rivers and lakes and they are not native species as they do not live in New York City.
They are usually the pets that escaped from the owner and reached the lakes and river anyhow. They cannot sustain their life based on the number of individual that come to the lakes and rivers.
They do not affect the other species nearby them and because of these reasons they cannot be considered as ecological community.
Answer:
Through a chemical process called "condensation". The addition of the two molecules typically proceeds in a step-wise fashion to the addition product, usually in equilibrium, and with loss of a water molecule.
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Answer:
Chromosome, the microscopic threadlike part of the cell that carries hereditary information in the form of genes. A defining feature of any chromosome is its compactness. For instance, the 46 chromosomes found in human cells have a combined length of 200 nm (1 nm = 10− 9 metre); if the chromosomes were to be unraveled, the genetic material they contain would measure roughly 2 metres (about 6.5 feet) in length. The compactness of chromosomes plays an important role in helping to organize genetic material during cell division and enabling it to fit inside structures such as the nucleus of a cell, the average diameter of which is about 5 to 10 μm (1 μm = 0.00l mm, or 0.000039 inch), or the polygonal head of a virus particle, which may be in the range of just 20 to 30 nm in diameter.
