Warm air rises, expands, then cools. As cool air sinks it may cause precipitation. Some air masses such as the MT which originate in warm environments carry humid air and cause heavy precipitation in some areas.
Answer:
Replacement rate
Explanation:
In biology, replacement level or replacement rate refers to the amount number of offspring required to be produced to keep the level of population at a stable state without causing it to much decease.
Scientists use the replacement rate of plant and animal specie to assess the rate at which the population is reproducing at a stable level or are at some threshold zone and need to be taken care of.
Here in question, we see that some specific properties of mustard plants are focused that, plant survives only one month during which it produces 50 flowers. each flower produces a fruit containing 20 seeds.
It clearly do not depicts the population size of mustard plant, or niche or fitness, it just describe the replacement rate that how many offspring does mustard plant produce to keep its population at a stable or steady state without being getting into a danger of extinction.
Hope it help!
A MYSTERIOUS ailment has been devastating the much studied lions of the Serengeti National Park in Tanzania, and scientists said yesterday that it had been identified as canine distemper, a viral disease that causes severe neurological symptoms and death.
Long-term potentiation (LTP) is considered a cellular correlate of learning and memory. The presence of G protein-activated inwardly rectifying K(+) (GIRK) channels near excitatory synapses on dendritic spines suggests their possible involvement in synaptic plasticity. However, whether activity-dependent regulation of channels affects excitatory synaptic plasticity is unknown. In a companion article we have reported activity-dependent regulation of GIRK channel density in cultured hippocampal neurons that requires activity oF receptors (NMDAR) and protein phosphatase-1 (PP1) and takes place within 15 min. In this study, we performed whole-cell recordings of cultured hippocampal neurons and found that NMDAR activation increases basal GIRK current and GIRK channel activation mediated by adenosine A(1) receptors, but not GABA(B) receptors. Given the similar involvement of NMDARs, adenosine receptors, and PP1 in depotentiation of LTP caused by low-frequency stimulation that immediately follows LTP-inducing high-frequency stimulation, we wondered whether NMDAR-induced increase in GIRK channel surface density and current may contribute to the molecular mechanisms underlying this specific depotentiation. Remarkably, GIRK2 null mutation or GIRK channel blockade abolishes depotentiation of LTP, demonstrating that GIRK channels are critical for depotentiation, one form of excitatory synaptic plasticity.
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