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Answer:
1. $636
2. $674.16
3. $566.04
4. $534
Explanation:
PV = FV ÷ (1 + r/n)^(t × n)........(1)
PV = present value
FV = Future value
r = rate per period
t = number of years
n = number of compounded period per year
FV = P(1 + r/n)^(t×n)...............(2)
FV = Future value
P = principal
r = rate per period
n = number compounded period per year
t = number of year
NO 1.
P= $600
t = 1
n = 1
r = 6% = 0.06
Using equation 2
FV = 600(1 + 0.06/1)^(1 × 1) = $636
NO 2
P = $600
n = 1
t = 2
r = 0.06
Using equation 2
FV = 600(1 + 0.06/1)^(2 × 1) = $674.16
NO 3.
FV = $600
r = 0.06
t = 1
n = 1
Using equation 1
PV = 600 ÷ (1 + 0.06/1)^(1 × 1) = $566.04
NO 4.
FV = $600
r = 0.06
n = 1
t = 2
Using equation 1
PV = 600 ÷ (1 + 0.06/1)^(2 × 1) = $534
Answer:
hedonic Theory of Wages:
Accept just two kinds of occupations in the work showcase (safe employments versus unsafe occupations). Under this, sheltered employments have likelihood of zero that specialist gets harmed. Unsafe occupations have likelihood of 1 and laborers know this. Laborers care about whether their occupations are sheltered or hazardous.
Laborers expand utility by picking wage-chance blends that offer them the best measure of utility. Expect laborers disdain hazard, yet to various degrees, for example they have diverse ideal pay chance blends. Firms are on their isoprofit bends that give the hazard wage mixes that give zero (financial) benefit. They vary between firms. An indulgent pay work mirror the connection among wages and occupation qualities. It matches laborers with various hazard inclinations with firms that can give employments that coordinate these diverse hazard inclinations.
Apathy bends uncover the exchange offs that a laborer favors among wages and level of hazard (chance thought to be an 'awful'). To give a similar utility, dangerous occupations must compensation higher wages than safe employments. The more prominent the laborer's aversion for hazard, the more prominent the pay off required for changing from a safe to an unsafe activity, and the more noteworthy the booking cost. As the pay firms bring to the table for hazardous occupations increments, less firms will extend to dangerous employment opportunities and bringing about a descending slanting interest bend as it turns out to be increasingly productive for firms to make occupations spare than to pay the higher compensation.
Suppositions of Differential Wage Theory are:
- The compensation differential is sure. Hazardous employments pay more than spare occupations.
- The balance wage differential is that of the last laborer employed (the peripheral specialist). It's anything but a proportion of the normal abhorrence for chance among laborers in the work showcase.
- Along these lines, everything except the minimal specialist are overcompensated by the market.
On the off chance that a few specialists like to work in dangerous occupations (they are eager to pay for the option to be harmed) and if the interest for such laborers is little, the market repaying differential is negative. At point P, where supply rises to request, laborers utilized in unsafe occupations acquire not as much as laborers utilized in safe employments. The outline given beneath shows the circumstance:
Isoprofit Curve:
As it is exorbitant to create well-being, a firm contribution hazard level P* can make the working environment more secure for example move left on flat pivot, just on the off chance that it diminishes compensation while keeping benefits consistent, so that the iso-benefit bend is upward slanting. Higher isoprofit bend returns lower benefit.
Answer:
d
Explanation:
A good has positive externality if the benefits to third parties not involved in production is greater than the cost. an example of an activity that generates positive externality is research and development. Due to the high cost of R & D, they are usually under-produced. Government can encourage the production of activities that generate positive externality by granting subsidies.
A good has negative externality if the costs to third parties not involved in production is greater than the benefits. an example of an activity that generates negative externality is pollution. Pollution can be generated at little or no cost, so they are usually overproduced. Government can discourage the production of activities that generate negative externality by taxation. Taxation increases the cost of production and therefore discourages overproduction. Tax levied on externality is known as Pigouvian tax.
Government can regulate the amount of externality produced by placing an upper limit on the amount of negative externality permissible
Coase theorem has been proposed as a solution to externality. According to this theory, when there are conflicting property rights, bargaining between parties involved can lead to an efficient outcome only if the bargaining cost is low
Another solution to negative externality is through the activities of charities. Charities can raise donations to limit or regulate the activities of firms that constitutes a negative externality.