Answer:
It can occur only when light is incident on an interface where the index of refraction on the other side is less.
Explanation:
When the light passes from a denser medium, with refractive index n1, to another less dense medium, with refractive index n2, the incident light beam is refracted in such a way that it is not able to cross the surface between both media, the light beam is fully reflected and completely confining in the optically denser medium through which it propagates. For this phenomenon to occur, it is necessary that the angle of the incident light beam with respect to the normal be greater than or equal to the critical incidence angle θc. The critical angle can be calculated as :
Newton also understood that white light can be separated into its components because each ray of color is deviated by the glass of the prism by a different amount. He realized, for example, that red light is consistently less deviated than violet light.
a. 25 joules of work is done by the object.
Explanation:
According to the work-energy theorem, the work done ON an object is equal to the change in kinetic energy of the object, therefore:
where
is the final kinetic energy of the car, with
m = 2 kg being the mass of the car
v = 0 is the final speed of the car (brought to rest)
is the initial kinetic energy of the car, with
u = 5 m/s being the initial speed of the car
Substituting numbers, we find:
The negative sign means that the work done ON the car is negative: this means therefore that the work has been actually done BY the car. In fact, the car has lost its kinetic energy: this means that it has done work on the surrounding, converting its kinetic energy into other forms of energy.
Learn more about work and kinetic energy:
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Answer:
Resistance, R = 13 ohms
Explanation:
The Ohm's law gives the direct relationship between the voltage, current and the resistance of the device. The relation is as follows :
Where
I is the current
r is the resistance
The value of resistance is given by :
According to given data,
Voltage of the circuit, V = 130 V
Current rating of the circuit, I = 10 A
Resistance of the device,
R = 13 ohms
So, the resistance of the device is 13 ohms. Hence, this is the required solution.
Solid phase. The atoms are tightly packed and vibrate.
