Answer:
d. less than 100% of the energy captured from sunlight is transformed into potential energy in the form of a hydrogen ion gradient and then into potential energy in the form of covalent bonds
Explanation:
Photosynthesis is process utilized by plants, several bacteria and protists to convert the light energy to chemical energy. So they utilize the photosynthesis as the powerhouse for the energy production. Heterotrophs like human that cannot synthesize their own food, use this converted form of energy by autotrophs.
During the light reaction of photosynthesis the photons from light are absorbed by photosystem I and II. These photons excites the electrons which flow through the electron transport chain from higher potential to lower potential. These electrons release the energy while moving from higher potential to lower potential which is utilized by H+ pump to pump the H+ to lumen of plastids from stroma and of course not the 100% energy is utilized some of the energy dissipates. . So this process causes the accumulation of high potential H+ ions across the membrane. These H+ ions are utilized for the production of ATP by ATP synthase complex when they flow back to lower potential across the membrane through ATP synthase complex.
The ATP and NADPH produced from light reaction are utilized to combine carbon molecules during dark reaction. The covalent bond is used to combine the carbon molecules and we know that combining carbon molecules stores energy in the form of covalent bond.
The main function of the mitochondria is respiration in the cell. To produce energy from broken down organic molecules. (i.e. carbohydrates.)
Answer:
Explanation:
The history protein H2A, H2B, H3 and H4 forms an octamer ( 2 each of the four histones) around which the DNA is wrapped. They help in packaging the DNA allowing for compaction of the DNA
Linker histone H1 and a length of DNA (linker DNA) links two nucleosomes together and they also play essential role in chromatin strucrure, stabilizing it and also modulating accessibility of the DNA to biological processes.
Answer:
The correct option is C.
Explanation:
The Wildlife Conservation and Restoration Program and Wildlife Grant Program are two governmental programs that work toward ensuring that wildlife resources are conserved and protected from destruction. These program typically give funds to qualified states to take care of their wildlife resources. To be qualifies for the grant, applicants must be able to present feasible Wildlife Action Plan that spell out how the grant will be utilized. Such plans usually serve as blueprints that showcase the works that need to be done and how it will be executed. Any state that is not able to present a convincing Wildlife Action Plan may end up not getting the grants.
