The first stupa at Boudhanath was built sometime after AD 600, when the Tibetan king, Songtsen Gampo, converted to Buddhism. In terms of grace and purity of line, no other stupa in Nepal comes close to Boudhanath. From its whitewashed dome to its gilded tower painted with the all-seeing eyes of the Buddha, the monument is perfectly proportioned. Join the Tibetan pilgrims on their morning and evening koras (circumambulations) for the best atmosphere.
According to legend, the king constructed the stupa as an act of penance after unwittingly killing his father. The first stupa was wrecked by Mughal invaders in the 14th century, so the current stupa is a more recent construction.
The highly symbolic construction serves in essence as a three-dimensional reminder of the Buddha’s path towards enlightenment. The plinth represents earth, the kumbha (dome) is water, the harmika (square tower) is fire, the spire is air and the umbrella at the top is the void or ether beyond space. The 13 levels of the spire represent the stages that a human being must pass through to achieve nirvana.
Stupas were originally built to house holy relics and some claim that Boudhanath contains the relics of the past Buddha, Kashyapa, while others say it contains a piece of bone from the skeleton of Siddhartha Gautama, the historical Buddha. Around the base of the stupa are 108 small images of the Dhyani Buddha Amitabha (108 is an auspicious number in Tibetan culture) and a ring of prayer wheels, set in groups of four or five into 147 niches.
To reach the upper level of the plinth, look for the gateway at the north end of the stupa, beside a small shrine dedicated to Hariti (Ajima), the goddess of smallpox. The plinth is open from 5am to 6pm (till 7pm in summer), offering a raised viewpoint over the tide of pilgrims surging around the stupa. Note the committed devotees prostrating themselves full-length on the ground in the courtyard on the east side of the stupa.
Compound microscopes use multiple lenses to magnify specimens; they usually have two lenses that can be adjusted.
Answer:
a. the container itself contains contraband or evidence
Explanation:
Officer Franklin has stopped a car driven by Zola, because the officer observed the car weaving across two lanes of traffic. As the officer approaches the driver’s side of the car, she sees a female driver, with another female sitting in the front passenger seat, and a third female sitting behind the front passenger. On the back seat behind the driver, Officer Franklin sees a container, with part of a plastic baggie sticking out the side. There appears to be a white powdery substance in the baggie. She observes the driver and two passengers appear to be highly nervous, with dilated pupils, and speaking rapidly when the officer asks questions. Officer Franklin may search the container without a search warrant even though she lacks probable cause to search the car as a whole and only have probable cause to believe that: <u>the container itself contains contraband or evidence</u>
Because they were started by individuals outside of the law enforcement sector, the majority of early reform initiatives failed. The necessity to prevent mob violence, which was prevalent during the 19th century, led to the establishment of the first police forces in the United States. The FBI performs judicial security as one of its duties.
<h3>How did policing change throughout the reform era?</h3>
The Reform Era of policing, which lasted from 1930 to 1980, was prompted by demands for reforms from advocates. By creating a nonpartisan police force and attempting to reorganize how the police functioned, reformers hoped to divorce policing from politics during the Reform Era. Following these changes, law enforcement became more unbiased.
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Answer:
Individualism is lost
Explanation:
During an organized crowd it is usually found that individuals are less likely to respond as single individuals and they are more likely to move as a crowd. In these instances. The pressure of whatever moral standing or belief that they hold are lost to the movement of the crowd. These persons ignore their own feelings in the process.
Other theories of collective behaviour is the mob, crowd and riot theory. All these categories are justified in their own right to explain the mechanisms of the organization, execution and dissolution of these individuals.
