The constitutional principle that was the main focus of the north south conflicts that led to the civil war was the right to own property, since many people in the South felt that slaves were included in terms of "property" that could not be taken away.
Uncover abuses in government
A better/western route to the Maluku Islands.
As the veterans came back, they returned to the workforce in large numbers to fight for jobs with existing workers who had entered the workforce during the war, unemployment shot up due to the limitation of jobs. The government wasn't worried about this, it was more worried about possible inflation.
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Lincoln was elected. Resulting in many changes during the Civil War and the succession of the confederacy